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Chapter 1 Vocab

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Genetic Engineering   the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material.  
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Bioinformatics   the science of collecting and analyzing complex biological data such as genetic codes.  
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Syntheic Biology   the design and construction of biological devices and systems for useful purposes.  
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Devloping Countries   a poor agricultural country that is seeking to become more advanced economically and socially.  
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Green Revolution   a large increase in crop production in developing countries achieved by the use of fertilizers, pesticides, and high-yield crop varieties.  
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DNA   deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.  
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Transgenic   of, relating to, or denoting an organism that contains genetic material into which DNA from an unrelated organism has been artificially introduced.  
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Biotech   short for biotechnology.  
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Geneticall Modified   (of an organism or crop) containing genetic material that has been artificially altered so as to produce a desired characteristic.  
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Genetically Engineered   also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology  
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Cloning   make an identical copy of.  
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Biomanufacturing   use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products  
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Pharming   the process of genetically modifying plants and animals so that they produce substances that may be used as pharmaceuticals.  
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Personalized Medicine   a medical model that proposes the customization of healthcare - with medical decisions, practices, and/or products being tailored to the individual patient  
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Personalized Genomics   branch of genomics concerned with the sequencing and analysis of the genome of an individual  
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Gene Therapy   the transplantation of normal genes into cells in place of missing or defective ones in order to correct genetic disorders.  
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Stem Cells   an undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism that is capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and from which certain other kinds of cell arise by differentiation.  
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Bioremediation   the use of either naturally occurring or deliberately introduced microorganisms or other forms of life to consume and break down environmental pollutants, in order to clean up a polluted site.  
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Biotechnology   the exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes, esp. the genetic manipulation of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics, hormones, etc.  
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