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Prefixes, Suffixes, and Word Roots in Medicine

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
Crani-   Pertaining to the skull  
🗑
-otomy   Cutting into  
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Craniotomy   Cutting into the skull  
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Dys-   Difficult, painful, or bad  
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-uria   Urine  
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Dysuria   Difficult or painful urination  
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Hyster-   Uterus  
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-ectomy   Surgical removal of  
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Hysterectomy   Surgical removal of the uterus  
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Hemo-   Blood  
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-toxic   Poison  
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Hemotoxic   Blood poison  
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Peri-   Around  
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-card-   Pertaining to the heart  
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-itis   Inflammation of  
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Pericarditis   Inflammation around the heart  
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Leuko-   White  
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-cyte   Cell  
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Leukocyte   White (blood) cell  
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Chole-   Bile, gallbladder  
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-cyst-   Bladder, bag, sac  
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-itis   Inflammation of  
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Cholecystitis   Inflammation of the gallbladder  
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Tachy-   Rapid, fast  
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-cardia   Pertaining to the heart  
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Tachycardia   Rapid or fast heart  
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Neur-   Nerve, nervous system  
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-algia   Pain  
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Neuralgia   Nerve pain  
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Poly-   Many, much  
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-cyt-   Cell  
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-emia   Blood  
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Polycytemia   Many blood cells  
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Brady-   Slow  
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-cardia   Pertaining to the heart  
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Bradycardia   Slow heart  
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Gastr-   Stomach  
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-ectomy   Surgical removal of  
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Gastrectomy   Surgical removal of the stomach  
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Mening-   Membranes covering the brain and spinal cord  
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-itis   Inflammation of  
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Meningitis   Inflammation of membranes of the brain and spinal cord  
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Neo-   New  
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-pathy   Disease, abnormal condition  
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Neopathy   New disease or abnormal condition  
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Dermat-   Pertaining to skin  
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-ologist   Person who does/studies  
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Dermatologist   Person who studies the skin  
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Procto-   Rectum, rectal, anus  
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-scope   Examining instrument  
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Proctoscope   Instrument for examining the rectum  
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Carcin-   Cancer, malignancy  
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-oma   Tumor, a swelling  
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Carcinoma   Cancerous tumor  
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Electro-   Electrical  
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-encephalo-   Brain  
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-graph   Diagram, instrument for recording  
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Electroencephalograph   Recording of electrical activity of the brain  
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Osteo-   Bone  
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-malacia   Softening of a tissue  
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Osteomalacia   Softening of bone tissue  
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Para-   Near, beside, beyond, abnormal, lower half of the body  
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-plegia   Paralysis  
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Paraplegia   Paralysis of the lower half of the body  
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Py-   Pus  
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-uria   Urine  
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Pyuria   Pus in urine  
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Acro-   Extremities (Arms and legs)  
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-megaly   Large, enlarged  
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Acromegaly   Enlarged extremities  
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Geront-   Old age, elderly  
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-ology   Study of, science of  
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Gerontology   Study of the elderly  
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Dys-   Difficult, painful, or bad  
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-phagia   To eat, consume, swallow  
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Dysphagia   Difficulty to swallow  
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Hydro-   Water  
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-cele   Swelling, tumor, cavity, hernia  
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Hydrocele   Water tumor  
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Aden-   Gland, glandular  
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-oma   Tumor, a swelling  
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Adenoma   Swelling of the glands  
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Anti-   Against  
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-toxic   Poison  
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Antitoxic   Against poison  
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Ophthalm-   Eye  
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-ology   Study of, science of  
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Ophthalmology   Study of the eye  
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Chole-   Bile, gallbladder  
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-cyst-   Bladder, bag, sac  
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-ectomy   Surgical removal of  
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Cholecystectomy   Surgical removal of bladder  
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Endo-   Within, innermost  
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-card-   Pertaining to the heart  
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-itis   Inflammation of  
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Endocarditis   Inflammation within the heart  
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Gastro-   Stomach  
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-enter-   Intestine  
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-itis   Inflammation of  
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Gastroenteritis   Inflammation of the intestine inside the stomach  
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Hypo-   Decreased, deficiency, low, under, less than normal  
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-glyc-   Sugar  
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-emia   Blood  
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Hypoglycemia   Low blood sugar  
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Septic-   Poison, rot, infection  
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-emia   Blood  
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Septicemia   Blood infection  
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Olig-   Few, less than normal, small  
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-uria   Urine  
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Oliguria   Less than normal (amounts of) urine  
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Bronch-   Air tubes in lungs  
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-itis   Inflammation of  
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Bronchitis   Inflammation of air tubes in lungs  
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Homo-   Same, like  
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-geneous   Kind, type  
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Homogeneous   Same type  
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Arterio-   Artery  
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-sclerosis   Dryness or hardness  
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Arteriosclerosis   Hardness of an artery  
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Dys-   Difficult, bad, painful  
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-meno-   Monthly  
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-rrhea   Flow, discharge  
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Dysmenorrhea   Difficult monthly flow or discharge  
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Angio-   Vessel  
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-pathy   Disease, abnormal condition  
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Angiopathy   Disease of blood vessels  
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Blepharo-   Eyelid  
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-rrhaphy   Suture of, sewing up a gap or defect  
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Blepharorrhaphy   Suture of eyelid  
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Urethro-   Urethra (Tube from bladder to urinary meatus)  
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-cyst-   Bladder, bag, sac  
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-itis   Inflammation of  
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Urethrocystitis   Inflammation of urethra in the bladder  
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Pneumono-   Lung, pertaining to the lungs, air  
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-melan-   Black  
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-osis   Condition, state, process  
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Pneumonomelanosis   State of black lungs  
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Para-   Near, beside, beyond, abnormal, lower half of the body  
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-osteo-   Bone  
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-arthro-   Joint  
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-pathy   Disease, abnormal condition  
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Paraosteoarthropathy   Disease of bone joints in the lower half of the body  
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Salpingo-   Tube, fallopian tube  
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-oophro-   Ovary, Female egg cell  
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-cele   Tumor, swelling, hernia, cavity  
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Salpingo-oophorocele   Swelling of the fallopian tube in the ovary  
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Idio-   Peculiar to an individual; self-originating  
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-pathic   Disease  
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thrombo-   Clot, thrombus  
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-cyto-   Cell  
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-penia   Lack of, deficiency  
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Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia   Self-originating disease that lacks the ability for cells to clot  
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Narco-   Sleep  
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-epi-   Upon, over, upper  
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-lepsy   Seizure, convulsion  
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Narcoepilepsy   Seizures over time of sleep  
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Post-   After, behind  
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-partum   Birth, labor  
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Postpartum   After labor  
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Hernio-   Rupture  
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-rrhaphy   Suture of, sewing up a gap or defect  
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Herniorrhaphy   Suture of a rupture  
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Derma-   Pertaining to the skin  
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-cyan-   Blue  
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-osis   Condition  
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Dermacyanosis   Condition in which skin is blue  
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Thora-   Thorax, chest  
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-centesis   Surgical puncture to remove fluid  
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Thoracentesis   Surgical puncture to remove fluid from chest  
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