C2 precipitates and ions testing
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What is the chemical test for Ca+2 ion? | when the compound is placed in a flame, the flame turns red
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What is the chemical test for Cu+2? | when the compound is placed in a flame, the flame turns green
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What is the chemical test for Cl-? | Add Nitric acid then silver nitrate AND acid solution; a white precipitate forms
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What is the colour of the flame when you burn Na+ ions? | Yellow
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What is the colour of the flame when you burn K+ ions? | Lilac
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What is the chemical test for CO3-2? | Fizz on addition of HCl; the gas produced will turn limewater cloudy
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What is the chemical test for SO4-2? | add Hydrochloric acid then barium chloride solution; a white precipitates forms
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What kind of ions does a flame test help identify? | Metallic ions
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Lead iodide is an insoluble salt. Describe the steps needed to prepare a pure, dry sample of lead iodide from solutions of lead nitrate and potassium iodide. | mixing solutions in a beaker
filtering off the precipitate, including apparatus
washing the precipitate
drying the precipitate (oven/between filter papers)
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Describe the tests you could carry out on a sample of water to show that it contained dissolved Potassium Carbonate | sodium (ions) cause a yellow flame(1)
for chloride ions: add dilute nitric acid (1) add silver nitrate (solution) (1) white precipitate/solid forms (1)
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Lead Iodide is insoluble. What solution could you add to Lead Nitrate to make Lead Iodide? | Sodium Iodide. Or Potassium Iodide.
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What is the name of the precipitate formed when Barium Nitrate is added to Sodium Sulfate? | Barium Sulfate
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What is Barium Sulfate used for? | To help with X-rays of the intestines
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Why do we ask patients to eat Barium Sulfate when they need an X-Ray of the intestines and yet Barium ions are toxic? | Because Barium Sulfate is insoluble so there are no Barium ions able to go into the blood.
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What is a precipitate? | A precipitate is formed when two solutions are mixed and an insoluble compound forms; the precipitate is the insoluble compound
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Are Nitrate salts soluble or insoluble? | Soluble
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Are Sodium Salts soluble or insoluble? | soluble
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When barium chloride solution, BaCl2, is added to sodium sulfate solution, Na2SO4, a white precipitate of barium sulfate, BaSO4, is formed. Write the balanced equation for this reaction. | Word equation first: barium chloride + sodium sulfate --> barium sulfate + sodium chloride
Formulae: BaCl2 + Na2SO4 --> BaSO4 + NaCl
Balancing: BaCl2 + Na2SO4 --> BaSO4 + 2 NaCl
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What is the trick to remember the salts that are always soluble? | SNAP; Sodium Nitrate Ammonium Potassium salts are always soluble
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What are the 3 insoluble salts that you MUST remember? | Calcium Carbonate; Barium Sulfate and Silver Chloride
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When calcium chloride solution, CaCl2, is added to sodium carbonate solution, Na2CO3, a white precipitate of barium sulfate, CaCO3, is formed. Write the balanced equation for this reaction. | Word equation first: calcium chloride + sodium carbonate--> calcium carbonate + sodium chloride
Formulae: CaCl2 + Na2CO3 --> CaCO3 + NaCl
Balancing: CaCl2 + Na2CO3 --> CaCO3 + 2 NaCl
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What is the formula of Magnesium Chloride? | get the CHARGES from the Periodic table: Mg+2 and Cl-1; then SWAP THE NUMBERS and write at the bottom: Mg1Cl2
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What is the formula of Magnesium Nitrate? | get the CHARGES from the Periodic table or LEARN special groups: Mg+2 and (NO3)-1; then SWAP THE NUMBERS and write at the bottom: Mg1(NO3)2
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What is the formula of Sodium Sulfate? | get the CHARGES from the Periodic table or LEARN special groups: Na+1 and (SO4)-2; then SWAP THE NUMBERS and write at the bottom: Na2(SO4)1
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What two solutions could you use to make a precipitate of Silver Chloride? | Silver nitrate and Sodium chloride; both chemicals are soluble because of SNAP
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What is the formula of Barium Sulfate? | get the CHARGES from the Periodic table or LEARN special groups: Ba+2 and (SO4)-2; then SWAP THE NUMBERS and write at the bottom: Ba2(SO4)2; check if you need to CANCEL when both subscripts are 2: Ba(SO4)
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