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AMS SOL 6.2 Astronomy

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
Universe   everything that has been discovered so far  
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galaxy   a group of stars; our solar system is part of the Milky Way  
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solar system   one star and everything that revolves around it  
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gravity   force that holds objects in place in the Universe  
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rotate   to spin on the axis  
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revolve   to travel around another object (orbit)  
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length of Earth's rotation   24 hr, 1 day  
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length of Earth's revolution   365 days, l year  
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Mercury   inner planet closest to the sun with no atmosphere  
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Venus   extreme Greenhouse Effect makes this planet very hot  
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Earth   only planet with life  
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Mars   known as the Red Planet because of the red dust  
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Inner planets   Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are all small and rocky  
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Asteroid Belt   many space rocks located between Mars and Jupiter  
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Jupiter   largest planet with giant red spot storm  
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Saturn   has the most extensive ring system  
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Uranus   tipped on its side, Methane makes it appear blue  
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Neptune   mostly ocean of blue Methane and other gasses  
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Pluto   one of several dwarf planets/ king comets  
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comet   a frozen nulceaus surrounded by a gasseous coma and followed by a dusty tail  
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asteroid   a space rock that orbits the sun in a group between Mars and Jupiter  
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meteoroid   a rock out in space that is not a part of the asteroid belt  
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meteor   a rock from space that has entered Earth's atmosphere  
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meteorite   a rock from space that hits Earth's surface  
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Day and Night   caused by the rotation of Earth  
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Seasons   caused by the tilt of Earth of its axis as it revolves around the Sun  
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Moon phases   caused by the moons revolution around the Earth  
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New Moon   no light is reflected off the moon so it cannot be seen  
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waxing crescent   sliver of light is visible on the right side of the moon  
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First Quarter moon   appears as a semicircle on the right side of the moon  
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waxing gibbous   more than 1/4 of the moon is visible on the right side  
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full moon   half of the moon is lit up and visible  
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waning gibbous   more than 1/4 of the moon is visible on the left side  
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Third Quarter moon   appears as a semicircle on the left side of the moon  
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waning crescent   sliver of light is visible on the left side of the moon  
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tides   caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun on the waters of Earth  
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Solar Eclipse   a view of the Sun is blocked by the moon  
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Lunar Eclipse   a view of the moon is blocked as it passes through Earth's shadow  
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Yuri Gagarin   the first human in space, a Russian cosmonaut  
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Alan Sheperd   the first American in space  
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John Glen   the first American to orbit Earth  
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Sputnik   the first manmade satellite in space, from Russia  
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capsule   a 3-man pod launched by a rocket that first carried astronauts to space  
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Apollo Missions   American missions to the moon; 1969 mission 11 landed on the moon  
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Neil Armstrong   the first man to walk on the moon, from USA  
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Buzz Aldrin   the second man to walk on the moon, from USA  
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Space Race   a competition in the 1950-60's between USA and Russia for advancements in space technology  
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space probe   unmanned vehicles sent beyond Earth to take pictures and gather information about objects in space  
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Aristotle   ancient astronomer who tried to prove the Earth is a round sphere  
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Ptolemy   ancient astronomer who believed in a geocentric Earth centered universe  
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Copernicus   ancient astronomer who believed in a heliocentric sun centered universe  
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Galileo   invented a powerful telescope and was able to prove that the planets revolve around the sun  
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