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Edexcel P1 generating electricity

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
What happens when you move a magnet near a wire?   An induced current is produced  
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What happens when you move a wire near a magnet?   An induced current is produced  
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What is an induced current?   The current produced when a magnet moves near a wire (or vice-versa)  
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Name 3 ways of increasing an induced current   more coil on the wire; a stronger magnet;moving the wire (or the magnet) faster  
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What is direct current (DC)?   A current that flows always in the SAME direction.  
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Name objects that use direct current   Torches, wind up radios.  
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What is alternating current (AC)?   A current that CHANGES direction many times per second  
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What type of magnets are used in power stations? Why?   Electromagnets are used because they can be made to be really strong magnets (much stronger than "natural" magnets)  
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What is inside a generator?   A coil wound up around an iron core; the coil turns around permanent magnets.  
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How can you reverse the direction of an induced current?   Swap the magnet around; or make it go in the other direction  
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What type of current is produced in power stations?   Alternating current  
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What is the voltage produced in power stations?   25 000V (aka 25 kV)  
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What is the voltage when transported in transmission lines?   400 000V (aka 400kV)  
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What is the voltage used at home?   230V  
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Why is voltage increased before being sent through the National Grid?   So that less energy is wasted in heat during transport.  
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What happens when electricity is passing through a wire?   The wire heats up  
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What is used to increase the voltage?   A step-up transformer  
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What is used to decrease the voltage?   A step-down transformer  
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A transformer has 100turns of wire in the primary coil and 20 in the secondary coil. If you input 20V, what will be the voltage coming out?   Four  
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A laptop runs on the mains (230V) but only needs 20V supply. How many coils in teh secondary coil, if the transformer has 100coils in the primary coil?   Nine  
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Why are the transmission lines placed so high   Because the voltage could kill you  
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Why are birds not electrocuted?   Both their feet are at the same voltage  
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Describe the stages electricity is transmitted to your homes   Power stations generated electricity; a step-up transformer raises the voltage; the current goes through transmission lines; a step-down transformer reduces the voltage before the current arrives to our homes.  
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Describe the difference between direct current and alternating current.    
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The output from the solar panel is 60 V. State why a transformer cannot be used to increase this voltage.    
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Explain why using solar panels to generate electricity for the National Grid benefits the environment.    
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The cost of the solar panel is £4800. The solar panel supplies an average of 800 kW h of electrical energy to the National Grid each year. The homeowner is paid 40p for each kW h of energy supplied to the National Grid. Calculate the payback time.    
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Created by: ursulinephys
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