Question | Answer |
Penicillins | amoxicillin, PCN |
Cephalosporins | cefazolin, ceftriaxzone |
Monobactams | aztreonam |
Carbapenems | meopenem, ertapenem |
Aminoglycosides | genatmicin, streptomycin |
Macrolides | azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin |
Tetracyclines | demeclocycline, doxycycline, minocycline |
Lincosamide | clindamycin |
Oxazolidinone | linezolid |
Steptogramins | dalfoprintin/quinupristin |
Sulfonamides | sulfadiazine sodium |
Trimethoprim | Primsol |
Combonation Agents | trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole |
Fluroquinolones | ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin |
acyclovir | Epstein Barr, CMV, Herpes 1&2, Zoster |
Amantadine | Influenza A |
Ribavarin | Hanta,West Nile, RSV, Hep A&C |
Oseltamavir | Influenza A&B, Swine/Avian Flu |
Acetylcystine | prevents liver failure in acetominophen overdose |
anti-depressents used for chronic pain | amitryptyline (Elvail), sertraline (Zoloft) |
Gabapentin | anticonvulsant used for chronic pain, reduces rate of electrical transmission |
Zolpidem (ambien) | benzodiasepine used for insomnia |
diphenhydramine (Benadryl) | antihistamine used for insomina/as an antihistamine |
amitriptyline (Elavil) | anti-depressant used for insomina |
Corticosteroids | prednisone, solu-medrol (methlyprednisolone), hyrdrocortisone creame |
COX1 Inhibitors | Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Naproxen |
COX2 Inhibitors | Celecoxib |
Leukotriene Inhibitor | monolukast (Singulair) |
Tetracyclines | Acne, UTIs, skin/mucus membrane/respiratory tract infection, STIs, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, Lyme Disease, Typhoid, Anthrax!!! |
Aminoglycosides | burns, CNS/joint/bone/intra-abdominal infection, peritontis, sepsis, TB (streptomycin) |
Floroquinolones | skin infection, UTIs, respiratory tract infection, infectious diarrhea, gonorrhea, Anthrax!!! |
Drugs used in treatment of TB | Isoniazide, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol |
Azoles | fluconizole (Diflucan), ketoconizole (Nizoral), clotimazole |
Polyenes | Amphotericin |
Allylamines | terbinafine (Lamisil) |
Narcotic Agonists | reverse adverse effects of narcotics |
Flumazenil | antidote, reverse effects of benzodiazepines |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Opiate Analgesics | NV, constipation/respiratory depression, addiction |
Side and Adverse Effects for: NSAID | risk for bleeding, HTN/asthma, salicylate poisioning, liver&kidney damage, heart attack, stroke |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Acetaminophen | /liver failure and kidney damage |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Anti-depressents for pain | constipation, dry mouth, urinary retention |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Anti-convulsants for pain | drowsiness, confusion, weakness |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Benzodiazepine for insomina | confusion, headache, NV, constipation, risk for falls/allergic reaction, addiction |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Antihistamine for insomina | drowsiness, loss of appetite, dry mouth, photosenstivity/ |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Anti-depressents for insomina | dowsiness, hypotension, nightmares, slurred speech, tinnitus/ |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Corticosteroids | sodium and fluid retention, HTN, buffalo hump/reduced immune system,adrenal supression, adrean insufficiency |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Antihistamine | sleepiness, tachycardia, blurred vision, urinary retention/seizuer, increased interoccular pressure, allergic reaction |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Leukotriene Inhibitors | headache, abd pain/liver impariment, allergic reaction |
Side and Adverse Effects for: PCN, Carbapenems, Cephalosporins | diarrhea/reduced kidney function |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Vancomycin | "red man syndrome"/reduced kidney function |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Tetracyclines | NVD, sore tounge, yeast infection in mouth & vagina/increased intracranial pressure, decreased kidney functioning, increased liver enzymes |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Aminoglycosides | NV, rash, letergy, fever, increased salivation/highly toxic to ears and kidneys, neuromuscular blockade |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Macrolides | NVD, abd pain, loss of appetite, change in taste/interfere with other drug metabolism (increase effects of digoxin and warfarin) which can cause cardiac dysrhytmias |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Sulfonamides | headache, fever, rash/crystalization in kidneys (kidney failure/stones), supression of bone marrow division, Steven-Johnson Syndrome, hepatitis |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Trimethoprim | headache, NV, itchiness/rupression of bone marrow division, Steven-Johnson Syndrome, hepatitis |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Floroquinolones | rash, NV, abd pain, dizziness, concentrates in urine causing burning/pain in urethra/increases warfarin levels, cardiac dysrhytmias, CNS issues (seizure), Steven-Johnson Syndrome, tendon rupture |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Antiretrovirals | /liver toxicity, worsening hyperglycemia, interactions with other drugs |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Antituberculars | /liver toxicity, peripehral neuropathy, drug inteaction |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Antifungals | /anemia, liver toxicity, anormal heart rhythms, reduced kidney functioning, Steven Johnson syndrome |
Side and Adverse Effects for: Amphotericin B | fever, chills (shake and bake), hypotension/shock |
Mechanism of Action for: opiate analgesics | bind to opioid receptor site altering perception of pain |
Mechanism of Action for: NSAID | supress inflammatory pathway |
Mechanism of Action for: Acetominophen | changes preception of pain and reduces severity of pain receptors |
Mechanism of Action for: Narcotic Antagonists | bind to, but do not activate, receptors |
Mechanism of Action for: Benzodiazepine drugs for insomnia | general depression of CNS |
Mechanism of Action for: Antihistamine drugs for insomina | produce drowsiness and mild sedation |
Mechanism of Action for: antidepressants for insomina | produce drowsiness and mild sedation |
Mechanism of Action for: corticosteroids | slows or stops pathways of inflammatory mediator response |
Mechanism of Action for: Antihistamines | histamine antagonist, binds to H1 histamine receptor sites, slowing or stopping tissue effects of inflammation |
Mechanism of Action for: Leukotriene inhibitors | prevent leukotriene production or block receptors |
Mechanism of Action for: PCN, cephalosporin, carbapenems, vancomycin | bind to cell wall proteins to prevent their inclusion in cell wall, inhibit enzyme needed to link wall components, activate enzymes which create holes in cell walls |
Mechanism of Action for: Tetracyclines | enter cell through special transporter, inside bind to ribosomes or prevent amino acid linking |
Mechanism of Action for: Aminoglycosides, Macrolides | enter cell through special transporter, binds to ribosome preventing it from reading RNA for protein sythesis. No bacterial protein is made, bacteria dies |
Mechanism of Action for: Sulfonamides, trimethoprim | prevents enzyme from converting substance into folic acid (necessary for cell growth) |
Mechanism of Action for: Floroquinolones | supress action of 2 enzyems within a cell improtant for bacterial DNA (prevents reproduction) |
celebrex | cross reactive with sulfa drugs |
category 2 controlled substances | codine, fentanyl, hyromorphone (Dilaudid), meperidien (Demerol), methadone, methylpehnidate (Ritalin), morphine, oxycodone (Percodan), pentobarbital, secobarbital |
category 3 controlled substances | Tylenol 3 or 4, Fiorinal, anabolic steroids |
category 4 controlled substances | benzodiazepines (Ativan, Valium, Xanax), chloral hydrate, paraldehyde, pentazocine, phenobarbital |
category 5 controlled substances | cough syrup w codeine, drugs for diarrhea that have small amounts of opioids (Lomotil) |