Term | Definition |
Force associated with a convergent boundary | compression |
Force associated with a divergent boundary | tension |
Force associated witha a transform boundary | shearing |
Motion of plates at convergent boundary | together |
Motion of plates at divergent boundary | apart |
Motion of plates at transform boundary | slide past each other |
Process that occurs at a convergent boundary | subduction |
Process that occurs at a divergent boundary | sea floor spreading |
Process that occurs at a transform boundary | fault |
Structure created at ocean-ocean convergent boundary | island arcs & trenches |
Structure created at ocean -continental convergent boundary | volcanic mountain |
structure created at continental-continental convergent boundary | mountains |
Structure created at ocean-ocean divergent boundary | mid ocean ridge |
Structure created at continental-continental divergent boundary | rift valley |
Structure created at a transform boundary | strike slip or lateral fault |
Geographic example of ocean-ocean convergent boundary | Marianas Islands |
Geographic example of ocean-continental convergent boundary | Andes Mountains |
Geographic example of continental-continental convergent boundary | Himalayan Mountains |
Geographic example of ocean to ocean divergent boundary | Mid Atlantic Ridge |
Geographic example of continental-continenetal divergent boundary | East African Rift Valley |
Geographic example of transform boundary | San Andreas Fault |
Which boundaries are destructive? | convergent and transform |
Which boundary is constructive? | divergent |
Which boundary type creates new crust? | constructive |
Which boundary type destroys old crust? | destructive |
Cause of plate movement | convection currents |
Whose idea was continental drift? | Alfred Wegener |
Name the supercontinent | Pangaea |
Describe the theory of continental drift | all continents were connected in one large mass & drifted apart |
evidence that supports continental drift | similar rock structures on different continents, puzzle like fit of continents, fossils, climate clues |
Describe seafloor spreading | Magma comes up through mid ocean ridges and flows sideways carrying ocean floor with it |
Who's idea was sea floor spreading? | Harry Hess |
Evidence that supports sea floor spreading | changing magnetic polarity, youngest ocean crust at mid ocean ridge |
Describe the lithosphere | rigid layer of the crust & upper mantle |
Describe the asthenosphere | plastic like layer of Earth on which lithospheric plates float & move |
Describe shape & erruption type of shield volcano | broad shape with quiet, runny lava flows |
Describe the shape & eruption type of a cinder cone volcano | small volcano formed by moderate to explosive eruptions of tephra |
tension | stress that pulls apart |
compression | stress that pushes together |
shearing | stress that slides past each other |
plant fossil that supports continental drift | Glossopteris |
freshwater reptile fossil that supports continental drift | Mesosaurus |
Continental drift occurs because of ... | sea floor spreading |
Tsunami | giant ocean wave caused by earthquake motion on the ocean floor |
subduction | one plate is forced underneath another plate: convergent |
Composite Volcano | volcano that has alternating layers of tephra & lava; alternates between violent and quiet eruptions |
Waves produced by Earthquakes | Seismic Waves |