Question | Answer |
define cell division | process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells. |
define mitosis | part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides. |
define cytokinesis | divison of the cytoplasm to form two seperate daughter cells. |
define chromatid | one of two identical sister parts of a duplicated chromosome. |
centromere | region of a chromosome wherethe two sister chromatids attach. |
interphase | period of the cell cycle between cell divisions. |
cell cycle | series of events in which a cell grows prepares for division and divides to form two daughter cells. |
prophase | first and longest phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become visible. |
centriole | structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division |
chromatin | substances found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around histones. |
metaphase | phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up acros the center of the cell. |
anaphase | phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes seperate and move to opposite ends of the cell. |
telophase | phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin. |
chromosome | threadlike structures |
growth factor | one of a group of external regulatory proteins that stimulate the growth and division of cells. |
cyclin | one of a family of proteins that regulates the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells. |
apoptosis | process of programmed cell death. |
cancer | disorder in which some of the body's cell lose the ability to control growth. |
tumor | mass of rapidly dividing cells that can damage surrounding heathly tissue. |
embryo | developing stage of a multicellular organism. |
differentiation | process in which cells become specilized in structure and function. |
totipotent | cells that are able to develope into any type of cell found in the body |
blastocyst | stage of early development in mammals that consist of hollow ball of cells. |
pluripotent | cells that are capable of developing into most, but not all, of the body's cell type. |
stem cell | unspecialized cell that can give rise to one or more types of specialized cells. |
multipotent | cell with limited potential to develope into many types of differentiated cells. |