Question | Answer |
population | a whole group you gather information about |
sample | a smaller part of the entire group you want to gather information about |
random sample | a representative sample where every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen |
mean | the sum of the data values divided by the number of date items (often called the AVERAGE) |
median | the MIDDLE (or average of the two middle) value of data items arranged in order |
mode | the data value or values that occur the MOST |
range | the difference between the highest and least values in a set of data |
outlier | an EXTREME value that is much more or much less than the other values in a data set |
frequency table | a way to organize data into categories and groups |
cumulative frequency | a "running total" of frequencies in a category |
bar graph | a type of graph using bars to represent data values divided into equal intervals |
histogram | a bar graph that shows the frequency of data within equal intervals. There is no space between the bars. |
double bar graph | a bar graph used to compare two related sets of data |
circle graph | a type of graph showing how a set of data is divided into parts totaling 100% (also called a pie chart) |
sector | a "slice" of a circle graph representing one part of the data set |
box-and-whisker plot | a representation of the distribution of a data set divided into four equal parts, called quartiles |
first quartile | the median of the lower half of a set of data |
second quartile | the median of the data set |
third quartile | the median of the upper half of a set of data |
lower extreme | the minimum value in a data set |
upper extreme | the maximum value in a data set |
line graph | a graph with line segments connecting data points, used to show change over time |
double line graph | a graph that shows change over time for 2 sets of data |
scatter plot | a graph with 2 axes and points representing pairs of data values |
positive correlation | the values in both data sets increase at the same time |
negative correlation | the values in one data set increase as the values in the other set decrease |
no correlation | the values in two data sets show no pattern |