Question | Answer |
acinetobacter - gram negative or positive? | negative |
acinetobacter - aerobic or anaerobic? | aerobic |
acinetobacter | "plump" cocobacilli that are ubiquitous saphrophytes |
What is acinetobacter similar to, in epidemiologic niche? | Pseudomonas and Enterobacter |
What type of surfaces can Acinetobacter survive on? | both moist and dry surfaces for long periods |
Are Acinetobacter, Pseduomonas and Enterobacter important nosocomial pathogens? | yes |
Acinetobacter - normal flora | oropharyns of small %age of population, can increase in large numbers in hospitalized patients |
Moraxella - gram negative or positive? | negative |
Moraxella - aerobic or anaerobic? | aerobic |
How many species of Moraxella spp.? | 7 species |
What is the most important Moraxella species? | catarrhalis |
Moraxella - normal flora | oral pharynx |
Moraxella virulence factors | LPS, polysaccharide capsule, pili, beta-lactamase production |
What is the notable virulence factor of Moraxella? | beta-lactamase production |
Moraxella clinical syndromes | sinusitis, otitis media, suppurative conjunctivitis as well as bronchitis - (two other species cause rare, opportunistic infections) |
3 important genera of family Neiserriaceae | Neiserria, Eikenella & Kingella - other genera rarely associated with disease) |
Neiserria - gram negative or positive? | negative |
Neiserria - aerobic or anaerobic? | aerobic |
How many species of Neiserria found in humans? | 10 species |
What are the most important species of Neiserria? | N. gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis - extremely fastidious organisms |
Are N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis strict human pathogens? | yes! |
Where do other species of Neiserria colonize? | frequently colonize human upper respiratory tract and less frequently colonize agnogenital mucosa |
N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis look like what? | "coffee beans" small diplococci with flattened adjacent sides |
What replaces traditional LPS of gram negative bacteria in N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae? | LOS - functions as endotoxin |
What is the function of pili in N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae? | attachtment, motility, transfer of genetic info, necessary to cause disease |
What are the three outer membrane proteins in N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae? | I, II, II |