Term | Definition |
Steps of the scientific method | 1.state a problem
2.gather information
3.form a hypothesis
4.perform an experiment
5. analyze data
6.form conclusion |
the triple beam balance is used to measure __________ | mass |
a graduated cylinder is used to measure__________ | liquid volume |
a ruler is used to measure ______________ | length |
temperature at which water boils and freezes | 100(degrees Celsius) 0(degrees celsius) |
used to measure temperature | thermometer |
basic unit of mass | kg(kilogram) |
basic unit of liquid volume | L(liter) |
basic unit of solid volume | cm3(cubic centimeter) |
basic unit of length | m(meter) |
basic unit of time | s(second) |
each line on a ruler represents ________________ | a millimeter |
mass | measure of matter in an object |
length | distance between two points |
volume | amount of space an object takes up |
control | standard to which test results can be compared |
constant | variable that dos not change when other variables do |
independent variable | changed to determine how it will affect the dependent variable |
a factor that changes in an experiment from manipulation of the independent variable is the _________________ | dependent variable |
a testable prediction | hypothesis |
substances are either _______ or _________ | elements or compounds |
matter is classified as either ____ or _______ | pure substances or mixtures |
when two or more substances are combined so each substance can be separated by physical means the result is a ___________ | mixture |
pure substances that are made of more than one element | compunds |
a solution | one substance dissolved in another |
a suspension | a type of heterogeneous mixture whose particles settle over time and can be separated from the mixture by filtration |
if the density of an object is less than the density of the fluid displaced by the object , the object will ________ | float |
the melting point is the same temperature as the _________ | freezing point |
phase change from liquid to gas | vaporization |
phase change from gas to liquid | condensation |
matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape | liquid |
matter that has a definite volume and a definite shape | solid |
matter that has no definite shape or volume | gas |
matter whose particles move faster and farther apart | gas |
discovered the proton using the gold foil experiment | rutherford |
discovered the neutron using the cathode ray | chadwick |
discovered the elctron | j.j thomson |
said that matter was made out of small round particles | dalton |
said that all atoms of an element were identical | dalton |
in a nuetral atom _________ equals _______ | protons equals elctrons |
valence electrons are the electron found in the _______________ | outer shell |
the region around the nucleus occupied by the electron | electron cloud |
elements that lay along the stair - step line of the periodic table | metalloids |
nonmetals tend to ____ valence electrons | gain |
particles that make up the atomic mass | protons and nuetrons |
charge of a proton | +1 |
charge of a nuetron | 0 |
charge of an electron | -1 |
metals ______ valence electrons | lose |
group 1 | alkali metals |
group 2 | alkaline earth metals |
group 3-12 | transition metals |
group 13 | boron group |
group 14 | carbon group |
group 15 | nitrogen group |
group 16 | oxygen group |
group 17 | halogen group |
group 18 | noble gases |
a bond between a metal and metal | metallic bond |
bond between a metal and nonmetal | ionic |
bond between nonmetal and nonmetal | covalent |
bond when an equal exchange of electrons is shared | ionic |
bond when atoms share electrons | covalent |
polyatomic ion | covalently bonded compound of nonmetals that has a charge |
an ion | charged atom |
unit for density | g/mL g/cm3 |