Question | Answer |
What are analytes? | Substances being analyzed. |
What 2 analytes are mostly sent to the chemistry lab? | Serum & Plasma |
Break down and define the word Hyperglycemic. | Hyper-elevated Gly-glucose Cemic-bloodElevated blood sugar |
What is Quality Assurance? | Every aspect of the patients testing from time it was ordered until results are posted on the patients chart. |
What steps of QA is pre-analytical? | Patient preparation. specimen collection. Handling. Storage. Delivery |
What steps of QA is analytical? | Specimen processing/testing/reporting |
What steps of QA is post-analytical? | posting of results & evaluation. |
What are the 4 tubes commonly used for Chem tests? | Grey (plasma). ***SST (serum)***Green, heparin (plasma)****Red, none (serum) |
Is plasma and serum intercellular fluids or extracellular fluids? | Extracellular |
What is the difference between Plasma and serum? | Plasma contains fibrinogen. Serum does NOT contain fibrinogen. |
Give three reasons a specimen is deemed unacceptable. | Hemolysis-breakage of RBCs. Gycolysis-sits too long before separation. Improper collection. |
Potassium is a major intracellular component. Why is that important to know as a phlebotomist? What can happen? | Hemolysis breaks the RBC and K (potassium) is released to the plasma.A high number indicated heart attack. |
What are common electrolytes? | Sodium, potassium, chloride, COs |
What are some common causes of Hemolysis? | difficult draw. Forcing blood through small needle(syringe). Specimen handling (shaking)transport issuesmix w/ iv drips |
Define glycolysis | breakdown of sugar |
What happens to a blood sample that does not get centrifuged in a timely manner? | glycolysis continues, and the glycose levels decrease at a rate of 2-3% per hour. |
give 3 examples of how to prevent glycolysis. | Use grey top tube. Additive will stop the breakdown.**Separate quickly.**Use SST tube and separate. |
Give a common test for the Pituitaty glands. | TSH |
Give a test example for the Thyroid. | T4, TSH |
Give an example of a test involving the Parathyroid. | Calcium |
Give and example of a blood test for the lungs. | CO2 |
Give an example of a test for the heart. | Na (sodium)--- K (potassium)---CKMB (creatnine)--- Trop (troponin) |
Give some examples of tests for the liver. | Bilirubin, ALT, AST, GGT, Alk Phos |
What is a common test for the adrenal glands? | Cortisol |
Give 2 test common for the pancreas. | Amylase, Lipase |
What are some tests usually associated with the ovaries? | HCG, FSH, LH |
What are some tests usually associated with the testes? | HCG, testosterone |
What are some common therapeautic drugs that are monitored by blood tests? | Antiepileptic. anatiaarrhytimic. antibiotics. antidepressants. immunosuppressants |
When should you draw blood for therapeutic drug levels/ | At its peak. |