Question | Answer |
If the underlined base changed from U to C, what would be the effect on the protein? | Tyr-aa |
What do we call this kind of mutation? | No mutation |
Have anticodons? | TRNA |
are enzymes involved in transcription | RNA Polymerases |
A genetic mutation of a single nucleotide will ALWAYS result in a different amino acid True or False | False |
What mRNA sequence would the DNA sequence AGTCCG code for? | UCAGGC |
Why do genetic mutations often lead to a disease? | A change in amino acid sequence can change protein shape. |
What amino acid sequence would the DNA sequence TAAAGT code for? | ILe-Ser |
The transfer of genetic information form DNA to RNA is called | Transcription |
Translation consist of which of the following? | The conversion of genetic information from the language of nucleic acids to the language of proteins. |
Which of the following bring amino acids to the ribosomes? | Transfer RNAs |
Where in the cell do mRNA and amino acids on tRNAs come together? | at ribosomes |
What molecule are produced in translation? | Proteins |
tRNA is not translated into protein True or False? | False |
What process does DNA make a copy of itself? | Replication |
List two ways that mutation could affect the organism? | code for wrong protein and Stop coding early |
Name the process occurring in the nucleus of the cell | Transcription |
Where in the cell will the mRNA go once it has been constructed? | Cytoplasm/Ribosome |
There , the mRNA will be divided into groups of 3 bases called | Codon |
Name the process occurring in the ribosome? | translation |
At the ribosome, the mRNA will meet with what? | tRNA |
The group of 3 bases attached to "B" is called? | anticodon |
If the codon is "AAC", the anticodon would be | UUG |
Joining amino acids together builds | Protein |
Amino acids are held together by | Polypeptide bonds |
How are proteins important to living organisms? | Building blocks of life |
A gene is a specific section of | DNA |
Each gene codes for a | Protein |
What are proteins made of? | AA |
How many of this are there? | 20 |
Protein are made in several steps DNA> | RNA>Protein> trait |
What is the process called when RNA is made using the DNA template strand? | transcription |
Why must DNA be transcribed into mRNA? | So the genetic code can leave the nucleus |
In which direction does the RNA polymerase build the RNA strand? | 3' - 5' |
What is at the beginning of a gene that controls where transcribing begins? | Polymerase |
What must happen to the RNA before it leaves the nucleus? | Splicing |
What is the process called when mRNA is read and a protein is made? | translation |
What is the purpose of a tRNA | bring in AA |
What is the purpose of nRNA | Code for AA |
What is the molecule that assembles the amino acids in the correct order based on the information carried to it by the mRNA. | rRNA |
What does RNA Polymerase do? | Unzips/Adds Nucleotides/Proof |
Transcription takes place in the | Nucleus |
Translation takes place in the | Ribosome |
How does the ribosome know to stop adding on amino acids to the protein? | Stop Codon |
In the end, what is really responsible for how the protein is built? | DNA |
Which strand of the DNA is always used to transcribe mRNA? | Left |
A codon is found on the | mRNA |
anticodon is found on the | tRNA |
How many different codons code for Glycine? | 4 |
What tRNA anticodon would match up with the mRNA sequence UAC? | AUG |
What amino acids would it be transferring? | Tyr |
Why is gene regulation so important? | Controls what genes are turned on/off |
Define differentiation in relation to cells | Tells cells what type of cell to be |