Question | Answer |
universal solvent | water |
define organ | tissue that work together to perform a function |
place in order from simple to complex: molecules, atoms, tissues, cells, system | atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, systems |
define physiology | study of functions of living things |
opposite of distal | proximal |
opposite of superficial | deep |
structural and functional unit of life | cell |
opposite of lateral | medial |
how is an enzyme identified in a diagram | it stays the same shape and size |
function of centrioles | cell division |
most important energy compound in organisms | adenosine triphosphate |
building blocks of carbs | monosaccharides |
composition of plasma membrane | phospholipids and proteins |
describe 3 facts about aerobic cellular respiration | occurs in mitochondria, uses oxygen, produces ATP |
all the catabolic and anabolic reactions in the body are called | metabolism |
term for normal saline, used in eyedrops and IVs | isotonic |
function of rough ER | protein synthesis and transport |
structures that hold chromatids together | centromeres |
number of basic tissue types in human | 4 |
functional unit of nervous tissue | neuron |
group of cells that work together to perform a specific function | tissue |
only connective tissue with a fluid matrix | blood |
ductless glands | endocrine |
tissue composed of a single layer of flat cells over a basement membrane | simple squamous |
type of tissue in intestines | smooth, involuntary visceral muscle |
fingerprints are due to... | development of dermis |
what are fingernails composed of? | hard keratin |
type of cells produced by mitosis | body cells |
transport of materials against a concentration gradient | active transport |
tissue type that stores energy | adipose |
most widely distributed type of tissue in body | connective |
tissue in heart | cardiac muscle |
pinocytosis and phagocytosis are examples of | endocytosis |
exceptions to cell theory | 1st cell, mitochondria and chloroplasts have DNA, viruses |
what does the skin produce when exposed to the sun? | melanin and vitamin D |
function of osteoblasts | deposit calcium to form bone |
what are parts of appendicular skeleton? | arms and legs |
where does growth of bone occur? | epiphyseal plate |
what holds bones together at a joint? | ligaments |
describe spongy bone | made of plates called trabecular, with open spaces between trabeculae |
second epidermal layer from surface | stratum lucidum |
function of haversian canal | transport |
which type of muscle is multinucleate/ | skeletal |
immovable joints of cranium are called | sutures |
age-related degenerative joints | osteoarthritis |
function of bone | red blood cell formation, support and protection, attach muscles, store Ca and P |
when does destruction and remodeling of bone occur? | during growth, due to stress, during healing of fracture |
where is smooth muscle located? | stomach walls, walls of blood vessels |
where is voluntary, striated muscle located? | arms and legs |
involuntary striated muscle tissue, composed of a network of branching, interconnected fibers | cardiac muscle |
a muscle that remains in a contracted state | tetanus |
muscle that extends the forearm | triceps brachii |
when does lactic acid build up? | after strenuous activity, due to lack of oxygen. it causes cramping. |
what makes up the thick muscle filaments? | myosin |
series of biophysical events that result in sarcomeres shortening is called... | sliding filament theory of muscle contraction |
lifting up a heavy weight is what type of exercise? | resistance |
impulses are conducted away from the cell body of a neuron by... | axons |
part of brain that interprets visual images | occipital lobe |
vital centers for control of heart rate, respiratory rate | medulla |
parts of peripheral nervous systems | spinal nerves, cranial nerves, and ganglia |
part of brain that links nervous and endocrine systems | hypothalamus |
two major divisions of the nervous system | central and peripheral |
neuron that carries message to brain and spinal cord | sensory |
path of a reflex | sensory neuron - interneuron - motor neuron |
gaps on the myelin sheath which allow impulses to jump at a faster rate | nodes of Ranvier |
connects the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum | corpus callosum |