Question | Answer |
What is Quantum Mechanics? | Theory that explains why the periodic trends in the periodic table exists |
What happens when electrons spin on their axis? | They generate a magnetic |
Electrons spin up and down with the quantum number Ms. What are the values of Ms | +1/2 or -1/2 |
What is the maximum number of orbitals in each sublevel? | S - 1 orbital
P - 3 Orbitals
D - 5 Orbitals
F - 7 Orbitals |
Orbitals with the same energy are called? | Degenerate |
A sublevel has less energy when the L value is what? | Lower |
Energy is sublevels fill from what? | Lowest to high |
Pauli exclusion principle | Only 2 electrons per orbital |
What are Anions? | When nonmetal atoms gain enough electrons to have 8 valence electrons |
When are cations formed? | when a metal atom loses all it's valence electrons, resulting in a new lower energy level valence shell |
What is paramagnetism? | Electron configurations with unpaired electrons means that the atom or ion will have a net magnetic field. (They will be attracted to a magnetic field) |
Diamagnetism | All electrons are paired - no magnetic field (slightly repelled by a magnetic field) |
Where is atomic radius greatest? | Bottom left |
The size of an atom is related to what? | The distance of the Valence electrons to the nucleus |
cations are ____ than neutral atoms | Smaller |
Anions are _____ than neutral atoms | Larger |
What is Ionization energy? | minumum amount of energy required to remove electron from atom or ion in Gas state |
When is Ionization energy increased? | Top right of periodic table (opposite of atomic radius) |
Does the electrons get harder to remove the more you remove? | Yes, because there is a greater positive charge, pulling them closer to the nucleus |
What is the highest electron affinity in any period? | Halogen |
When does metallic character increase? | Bottom left |
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