Joints | Ligaments | Bones Associated | Type of Joint | Motion Allowed | Other info |
Sacroiliac | Intrinsic: Interosseous sacroiliac, Ventral sacroiliac and Dorsal sacroiliac
Extrinsic: Sacrotuberous and Sacrospinous | (blank) | Mixed: anterior 1/3 is synovial and inferior 2/3 is fibrous | Nutation (very limited) | |
Pubic Symphysis | Intrinsic: Superior pubic and Arcuate pubic | Pubic | Fibrous | None | |
Hip | Intrinsic: Capsule, Illiofemoral (Y shaped), Pubofemoral, Ischiofemoral
Extrinsic: Acetabular labrum, Transverse acetabular ligament, Tigamentum teres | Head of the femur, and acetabulum | Synovial | "Universal" Ball and Socket, but extension limited by ligaments (iliofemoral)
Flex range: 135 degrees
Extension range: 15 degrees | |
Femoro-tibio-Patellar (knee) | Intrinsic: Capsule, Patellar, Lateral (Fibular) collateral, Medial (Tibial) Collateral (attached to miniscus and frequently injured), Oblique Popliteal, Arcuate
Extrinsic: Anterior and Posterior (the stronger one) Cruciates | Femur with tibia, femur with patella, and proximal tibia/fibular <-- but is a noncomponent because is is inferior to it | Synovial with complex joint capsule | Roll and Glide of femur over tibia at condylar surfaces.
Patella glides over femoral condyles | Remember the three "C"s of injury:
Medial Collateral, Anterior Cruciate, Medial Cartiledge |
Proximal tibiofibular | Anterior and Posterior intrinsics | tibia and fibula | Synovial | Limited: superior and inferior gliding | |
Distal tibiofibular | Intrinsics: Anterior and posterior tibiofibular and inferior transverse ligaments
Extrinsics: Interosseous tibiofibular and possibly the interosseous membrance | Distal tibia and fibula | Fibrous | Minimal | Stabilizes ankle: location of high ankle sprain |
Talocrural (ankle) | Medial (deltoid) ligaments: made up of 4 - tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal, anterior and posterior tibiotalar
Lateral ligaments: made up of 3 - Anterior talofibular (most often injured in lateral sprain), posterior talofibular, and calcaneofibular | Talus with medial fibula and the inferior and lateral surfaces of the tibia | Synovial with all three joint surfaces in same capsule | Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion (NO EVERSION OR INVERSION!!) | Priniciple connection of leg to foot: one of the "ankle" joints
Lateral ligaments weaker than medial |
Talocalcaneonavicular (ONE PART OF Subtalar to surgeons) | Calcaneonavicular posteriorly and Talonavicular anteriorly, Plantar calcaneonavicular ("Spring Ligament") | Calcaneous with anterior talus and calcaneous owith middle talus, talus with navicular <-- not included in subtalar to surgeons | Synovial | EVERSION AND INVERSION OF FOOT | |
Calcaneocuboid | Intrinsic: short plantar
Extrinsic: Posterior calcaneocuboid | Calcaneous and cuboids | Synovial | | |
Transverse Tarsal | Those of the talocalcaneonavicular and the calcaneocuboid | Talus, calcaneous, cuboids and navicular | Actually two joints together: The talocalcaneonavicular and the calcaneocuboid. Also called Chopart's Joint | Forefoot abduction or adduction | Combined motions of the foot require motion at talocrural, subtalar, and transverse tarsal joints |
Cuneocuboid | various intrinsic ligaments reinforce capsule | between cuboid and lateral cuneiform | Maybe own synovial joint or share a joint capsule with the three other cuneiform bones | | |
Intercuneiform | various intrinsics | Three cuneiform bones | Synovial | | |
Cuneonavicular | various intrinsic | Share capsule with eachother, the intercueiform joints and sometimes the cuneocuboid joint | Synovial | | |
Tarsalmetatarsal | (blank) | Bases of metatarsals and the three cuneiforms, and cuboid | All synovial with three distinct cavities | Slight gliding | Lisfrancs Joint |
Intermetatarsal | intrinsic ligaments and a deep transverse metatarsal ligament | Between bases of metatarsals | Synovial | Gliding motions very limited | |
Metatarsal Phalangeal | Collateral and plantar ligaments | Head of metatarsals and bases of proximal phalanges | Synovial | Rolling and allows flexion, extension, abduction and adduction of toes | 1st metatarsal is unique: has 2 sesammoid bones in plantar ligament that reinforces its capsule |
Interphalangeal | Collateral and plantar ligaments | Heads of distal and bases of proximal phalanges | Synovial | rolling and gliding produces phalangeal flexion and extension | |
Talocalcaneal (ONE PART of Subtalar to Surgeons) | talocalcaneal ligaments | POSTERIOR talus and POSTERIOR calcaneus | Synovial | EVERSION AND INVERSION OF FOOT | This is the POSTERIOR portion of the the Subtalar Joint to Surgeons (Anterior and middle are the talocalcaneonavicular joints) |