Question | Answer |
What is also known as the adenoids? | Pharyngeal tonsil |
What is the opening of the auditory tube? | Salpingopharyngeal fold |
What is posterior to the palatine tonsil? | Oropharynx |
What muscle prevents the food from going up? | Levator veli palatini |
What comes from the medial pterygoid plate? | Pterygoid hamulus |
What muscle is not an actual tongue muscle? | Palatoglossus |
Tensor Veli Palatini OINA | O- Medial pterygoid plate, cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube
I- palatine aponeurosis
N- Mandibular
A- tenses soft palate and opens mouthof pharyngotympanic tube during swallowing and yawning |
Levator Veli Palatini OINA | O- cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube
I- palatine aponeurosis
N- Vagus nerve via pharyngeal plexus
A- Elevates soft palate during swallowing and yawning |
Palatoglossus OINA | O- palatine aponeurosis
I- side of tongue
N- vagus nerve via pharyngeal plexus
A- elevates posterior part of tongue |
Palatopharyngeus OINA | O- hard palate and palatine aponeurosis
I- lateral wall of pharynx
N- vagus nerve via pharyngeal plexus
A- tenses soft palate and pulls walls of pharynx superiorly, anteriorly, and medially during swallowing |
Musculus uvulae OINA | O- palatine aponeurosis
I- mucosa of uvula
N- vagus nerve via pharyngeal plexus
A- shortens uvula and pulls it superiorly |
What division of the pharynx is superior of uvula? | Nasopharynx |
What is the opening of the larynx called? | Laryngeal inlet |
What division of the pharynx is posterior to the larynx? | Laryngopharynx |
What is the only muscle the glossopharyngeal nerve innervates? | Stylopharyngues |
What nerve is found between the common carotid and internal jugular? | Vagus nerve |
Where do sympathetic fibers come from? | Spinal cord |
What cranial nerves are parasympathetic? | III- Sphincter pupillae
VII- Taste
IX- carotid gland
X- organs |
What muscle and nerve is between middle and superior pharyngeal constrictors? | Glossopharygneal n. and stylopharyngeus m. |
Superior pharyngeal constrictor OINA | O- pterygomandibular raphe
I- esophagus
N- Vagus and pharyngeal plexus
A- constricts walls of pharynx during swallowing |
Middle pharyngeal constrictor OINA | O- greater and lesser horns of hyoid
I- esophagus
N- vagus and pharyngeal plexus
A- constricts walls of pharynx during swallowing |
Inferior pharyngeal constrictor OINA | O- thyroid cartilage and side of cricoid cartilage
I- esophagus
N- vagus and pharyngeal plexus
A- constricts walls of pharynx during swallowing |
Palatopharyngeus OINA | O- hard palate and aponeurosis
I- side of pharynx and esophagus
N- vagus an pharyngeal plexus
A- elevate pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking |
Salpingopharyngeus OINA | O- cartilaginous part of pharyngotympanic tube
I- blends with palatopharyngeus
N- vagus and pharyngeal plexus
A- elevate pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking |
Stylopharyngues OINA | O- styloid process
I- palatopharyngeus
N- glossopharyngeal
A- elevate pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking |
What are the smallest bones in the body? | Ossicles |
What do the ossicles do? | Vibrate sound |
What ossicle attaches to the oval window? | Stapes |
What does the stapes do? | Amplifies waves |
Where does the auditory tube run from? | Nasopharynx to the middle ear |
What is the tensor tympani innervated by? | Mandibular nerve |
What muscles are responsible for adjusting to loud sounds (dampering effect)? | Tensor tympani and stapedius |
What is the smallest muscle in the body? | Stapedius (facial nerve) |
What ossicle attaches the stapes to the malleus? | Incus |
What does the duct of cochlea do? | Linear acceleration and rotational changes |
What part of the malleus does the tensor tympani attach to? | Handle |
What part of the incus does the stapes attach to? | Lenticular process |
What part of the stapes goes to the oval window? | Base |
What is the functional unit for hearing in the cochlea? | Spiral organ |