Term | Definition |
photosynthesis | The process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food. |
autotroph | Is an organism that can make its own food. |
heterotroph | Is an organism that cannot make its own food and relies on eating other organisms for food. |
pigments | Are colored chemical compounds that absorb light. |
chlorophyll | Is the main photosynthetic pigment in chloroplasts. |
stomata | Is were carbon dioxide enters the plant through small openings on the underside of the leaves. |
respiration | Is the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose. |
fermentation | Is an energy-releasing process that does not require oxygen. |
cell cycle | Is the regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo. |
interphase | Is the first stage of the cell cycle, the cell grows, makes a copy of its DNA, and prepares to divide into two cells. |
replication | Is when the cell makes an exact copy of the DNA in its nucleus. |
mitosis | Is the second stage in the cell cycle, one copy of the DNA is distributed into each of the two daughter cells. |
chromosomes | Are the threadlike chromatin in the nucleus that condense and form double-rod structures. |
chromatid | Is the name for each identical rod in a chromosome. |
cytokinesis | Is the final stage in the cell cycle, the cytoplasm divides, organelles are distributed into each of the two new cells. |
Cancer | Is a disease in which cells grow and divide uncontrollable, damaging the parts of the body around them. |
mutation | Is when damage causes a change in the DNA. |
tumor | Is a mass of abnormal cells that develops when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably. |
Chemotherapy | Is the use of dugs to treat a disease. |