term | definition |
solid | state of matter in which the particles of matter are closest together, having a definite shape and a definite volume. |
liquid | state of matter in which the particles are free to move over, under and around one another;particles are farther apart than in a solid. liquids have no definite shape and a definite volume. |
gas | state of matter in which the particles are moving the fastes and are the farthest away from each other. gases have no definite shape and no definite volume.(fits the container) |
plasma | state of matter that is achieved under very high temperatures, no definite shape. plasma have no definite shape and atoms have been ripped apart. ex:stars, tv's, and lightning. |
kinetic molecular theory | the theory that explains differences in the states of matter are caused by how fast the atoms in substances are moving
(called kinetic energy). slow=solid faster=liquid super fast= gas super super fast=plasma |
endothermic | physical changes in which energy is absorbed, the temperature of the substance changes. |
exothermic | physical change in which energy is released,the temperature of the substance changes. |
melting | the phase change from asolid to a liquid material to must gain energy (temperature=increase)
endo= heat insides |
melting point | the temperature at which a substance begins to melt the melting point of water is 32 |
freezing | the phase change from a liquid to a solid,material must lose energy (temperature=decreases) |
freezing point | the temperature at which a substance begins to melt.the freezing point of water is 32c and 0c |
vaporization | phase change from a liquid to a gas , material must gain energy (temperature = increase)
endo=heat inside |
evaporation | phase change from a liquid to a gas at the surface of liquid below the boilling point. |
boilling | the phase change from a liquid to a gasthroughout the entire liquid. endothermic |
boilling point | the temperature at which a substance begins to boil. the boilling point of water is 212f, 100c |
condensation | the change in phase from a gas to a liquid, material requires a loss of energy(temperature=decreases) |
sublimation | the change in phase from a solid to gas without going through theliquid phase. endothermic |
deposition | phase change froma gas to a solid without going through the liquid phase (frost) exothermic. |