Muscle | Origin | Insertion | Action | Inervation |
Gluteus Maximus | Posterior iliac crest behind post. gluteal line, posterior sacrum | Gluteal tuberosity of femur, IT band | Ext. femur, post pelvic tilt, lat. rot. femur, abduct femur | Inf. Gluteal nerve |
Gluteus Medius | Iliac crest, between post. and ant. gluteal line | Lateral greater trochanter | Abduct femur, medial rot. | Superior Gluteal nerve |
Gluteus Minimus | Outer ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal line | Greater trochanter | Abduct femur, medial rot. | Superior Gluteal nerve |
Tensor Fasciae Latae | Ant. iliac crest, notch between asis and aiis | IT band to Gerdy's tubercle | Stabilize hip and knee joint | Superior Gluteal nerve |
Piriformis | Ant. sacrum | Tip of greater trochanter | Lat. rot, abduct femur(esp. when flexed) | 1st 2nd sacral spinal nerves |
Gemellus Superior | Ischial spine | Greater trochanter | Lat. rot., abduct flexed femur | Nerve to obturator internus & gemellus sup. |
Obturator Internus | Ischiopubic rami, inner obturator membrane | Greater trochanter | Lat. rot., abduct flexed femur | Nerve to obturator internus & gemelllus sup. |
Gemellus Inferior | Ischial tuberosity | Greater trochanter | Lat. rot., abduct femur | Nerve to quadratus & gemellus inf. |
Quadratus Femoris | Ischial tuberosity | Quadrate tubercle of femur | Lat. rot., | Nerve to quadratus & gemellus inf. |
Obturator Externus | Ischiopubic rami and outer obturator membrane | Trochanteric fossa | Lat. rot., abduct flexed femur | Obturator nerve |
Sartorius | ASIS | Prox. tibia medial | Flex femur, flex tibia, lat. rot. remur | Femoral nerve |
Rectus Femoris | AIIS, rim of acetabulum | Ant. middle base of patella | Flex femur, ext. tibia | Femoral nerve |
Vastus Lateralis | Intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tub. and lat. linea aspera | Lat. base of patella | Flex femur, lat. rot. | Femoral nerve |
Vastus Medialis | Intertrochanteric line, medial linea aspera, medual supracondylar line | medial base of patella | flex femur, med. rot. | Femoral nerve |
Vastus Intermedius | Ant. Shaft of femur | Base of patella | Flex femur | Femoral nerve |
Pectineus | Pectineal line of pubis | Pectineal line of femur | Adduct femur, aid flexion | Femoral nerve |
Adductor Longus | Pubis | Middle half of medial linea aspera | Adduct femur | Obturator nerve |
Adductor Brevis | Inf. pubic ramus | Pectineal line, upper medial linea aspera | Adduct femur | Obturator nerve |
Gracilis | Pubic arch | Ant. medial tibia(pes anserinus) | Lat. rotate, flex, adduct | Obturator nerve |
Adductur Magnus | Ischial tuberosity, Ischiopubic rami | Gluteal tuberosity, adductor tubercle of femur | Adduct, extend, medial rotate femur | Obturator nerve &tibial comp. of sciatic |
Long Head of Biceps Femoris | Ischial tub. | Head of fibula and lat. condyle of tibia | Flex knee, lat. rotate, ext. hip | Tibial comp. of sciatic |
Short Head of Biceps Femoris | Lat. linea aspera, lat. supracondylar ridge | Lateral condyle of tibia | Flex knee | Common fibular comp. of sciatic |
Semitendinosus | Ischial tub. | Prox. medial tibia (pes anserinus) | Extend Femur, Flex tibia, medial rot. when knee flexed | Tibial comp. of sciatic |
Semimembranosus | Ischial tub. | Medial tibial condyle post. | Extend hip, flex knee, medial rot. when flexed | Tibial comp. of sciatic |
Tibialis Anterior | Lat. tibial condyle | Plantar surface medial side, first cuneiform and base of first metatarsal | Dorsi flex foot, invert foot | Deep fibular nerve |
Extensor Digitorum Longus | Lateral tibial condyle, interosseous membrane, crest of fibula | Dorsal base of middle and distal phalanges 2-5 | Extend digits 2-5 all joints, dorsi flex foot | Deep fibular nerve |
Fibularis Tertius | Distal 3rd of fibula and interosseous membrane | Dorsal base of fifth metatarsal | Dorsi flex, evert foot | Deep fibular nerve |
Extensor Hallucis Longus | Middle ant. fibula and interosseous membrane | Dosal base, distal phalanx of big toe | Extend hallux and IP &MP joints, dorsi flex foot | Deep fibular nerve |
Fibularis Longus | Upper fibula, lat. tibial condyle and interosseous membrane | Plantar surface, first cuneiform and base of first metatarsal | Plantar flexion, eversion | Superficial fibular nerve |
Fibularis Brevis | Lower lat. fibula, deep to longus | Tuberosity of 5th metatarsal | Eversion, plantar flexion | Superficial fibular nerve |
Gastrocnemius(Medial head) | Medial condyle of femur | Achilles' tendon to calcaneus | Plantar flexion, flex tibia | Tibial nerve |
Gastroc (Lateral head) | Lateral condyle of femur | Achilles' tendon to calcaneus | Plantar flexion, flex tibia | Tibial nerve |
Soleus | Prox. fibula, head of fibula, soleal line of tibia | Merges with Gastroc to tendon | Plantar flexion | Tibial nerve |
Plantaris | Lower lat. supracondylar line | Calcaneus | Plantar flexion, flex tibia | Tibial nerve |
Popliteus | Lat. epicondyle of femur, popliteal groove | Soleal line | Rotate tib relative to femur(medially), flex tibia | Tibial nerve |
Flexor Hallucis Longus "Harry" | Fibula, interosseous membrane | Plantar base, distal phalanx of big toe | Flex big toe, Assist planta flexion | Tibial nerve |
Flexor Digitorum Longus "Dick" | Post. tibia | Plantar base distal phalanx 2-5 | Flex digits 2-5 at DIP PIP and MP | Tibial nerve |
Tibialis Posterior "Tom" | Post. tibia fibula and interosseous mem. | Plantar surface tuberosity of navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid and base of metatarsals 2-4 | weak plantar flexion, inversion | Tibial nerve |