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13.05
Digestive system complications
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ascites | accumulation of fluid in the inabdominal cavity a form of edema |
| Barrett syndrome | a condition from chronic esophagitis symptoms include spasms, scarring, strictures, and an increased cancer risk |
| biliary colic | acute abdominal pain from gallstones in the bile ducts |
| bilirubin | a pigment produced from hemoglobin breakdown mainly excreted from the liver in bile |
| caries | tooth decay |
| celiac disease | the inability to absorb gluten also an excess immune response to gluten |
| cholecystitis | inflammation of the gallbladder |
| cholelithiasis | stones in the gallbladder or common bile duct |
| cirrhosis | chronic liver disease characterized by the degeneration of liver tissue |
| Crohn disease | chronic inflammation of the GI tract, usually the ileum and colon |
| diverticulits | inflammation of diverticula in the digestive tract wall, especially the colon |
| diverticulosis | the prescence of diverticula, often in the colon |
| emesis | vomiting |
| fistula | an abnormal passage between 2 organs or and organ to the body surface |
| gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) | reflux of gastric juices into the esopahgus characterized by heartburn, regurgiation, inflammation possibly from damage to the esophagus from a weak LES |
| heartburn | a warm, burning feeling behind the sternum that radiates upwards pyrosis |
| hemorrhoids | vericose veins in the rectum |
| hepatitis | inflammation of the liver, commonly from viral infection |
| hiatal hernia | protrustion of the stomach through an opening in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes |
| icterus | jaundice |
| ileus | an inestinal obstruction possibly from a lack pf peristalsis or from a contraction |
| intussusception | the slipping of an intestinal segment into another segment below it |
| jaundice | yellowness of the skin, mucuous membranes, and whites of eyes from bile pigments in the blood |
| leukoplakia | white patches on the mucous membranes from smoking or other irritants possibly cancerous |
| nausea | an unpleasent feeling in the upper abdnomen often precedes vomiting |
| occult blood | blood present in small amounts only able to be detected by microscopic or chemical means |
| peptic ulcer | a lesion in the mucous membrane of the esopahgus, stomach, or duodenum from gastric jucie |
| polyp | a tumor growing on a stalk that bleeds easily |
| portal hypertension | an abnormal pressure increase in the hepatic portal system |
| pyloric stenosis | the narrowing of the opening between the stomach and the duodenum |
| regurgitation | backward flowing |
| ulcerative colitis | chronic ulceration of the rectum and colon |
| volvulus | twisting of the intestine that leads to obstruction, usually in the sigmoid colon |
| anastomosis | a passage or communication between 2 vessels or organs can be normal, pathologic, or surgically created |
| barium study | a study that uses barium sulfate as a contrast medium for digestive tract study |
| cholecystectomy | removal of the gallbladder |
| Dukes classification | the classification of colorectal cancer based on the degree of bowel wall penetration and lymph node involvement rankings go A-C from least to most severe |
| endoscopicretrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) | viewing of the pancreatic and bile ducts techiques to relieve obstructions can also be performed with a contrast medium |
| endoscopy | a fiberoptic endoscope used for direct visual examination |
| Ostomy | opeining into body, us created for body waste elimination;or operation to create opening |
| stoma | a surgically created opening to the body surface or between 2 organs |
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