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Geometry Words
Geometry Vocabulary!!!
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The answer to an addition problem. | sum |
| The solution to a subtraction problem. | difference |
| The answer to a multiplication problem. | product |
| The solution to a division problem. | quotient |
| A letter or symbol that represents a number. | variable |
| The number in front of the variable. | coefficient |
| The fixed value that does not change. | constant |
| To put all like terms in a mathematical sentence together. | simplify |
| A mathematical sentence without an equals sign. | expression |
| Rules followed to simplify expressions in the proper sequence. | order of operations |
| To find an answer to a particular problem. | solve |
| A mathematical sentence with an equals sign. | equation |
| An equation with at most one solution. | linear |
| An equation with at most two solutions. | quadratic |
| A number when multiplied by itself equals a given number. | square root |
| A number form that uses various roots of a number. | radical |
| -b±√b²-4ac (all over) 2a given ax²+bx+c=0. | quadratic formula |
| A set of equations with two or more variables. | system of equations |
| The horizontal number line on the coordinate plane. | x-axis |
| The vertical number line on the coordinate plane. | y-axis |
| The intersection of the horizontal and vertical number lines on the coordinate plane. | origin |
| Two numbers that name a specific location on the coordinate plane. | ordered pair |
| One of four sections on the coordinate plane. | quadrant |
| A collection of all points. | space |
| A place in space. | point |
| A figure formed by at least two points extending forever in two directions. | line |
| A flat surface formed by at least three points extending forever in four directions. | plane |
| Points that lie in a straight line. | collinear |
| Points that do not lie in a straight line | noncollinear |
| Points that lie in the same plane. | coplanar |
| Points that do not lie in the same plane. | noncoplanar |
| A common set of points between figures. | intersection |
| The same distance between figures. | equidistant |
| The rate of change or the rise over run of a line. | slope |
| The place on the coordinate plane where a line crosses the y-axis. | y-intercept |
| y=mx+b | slope-intercept form |
| Part of a line with one endpoint. | ray |
| Two figures sharing the same vertex each going in one direction that form a line. | opposite rays |
| Part of a line with two endpoints. | segment |
| An instrument used to measure length. | ruler |
| Units of measure made in meters, centimeters, and millimeters to name a few. | metric |
| The distance a point is from zero. | absolute value |
| A statement accepted as fact without proof. | postulate |
| Given B on a line between A and C, it's the property allowing AB=BC=AC. | segment addition |
| √(x1-x2)²+(y1-y2)² | distance formula |
| A point that divides a segment into two equal parts which also can be found using the formula({x1+x2}÷2, {y1+y2}÷2 ) given (x1,y1) and (x2,y2) on the coordinate plane. | midpoint |
| Figures that have the same shape and the same size. | congruent |
| A line, segment, or ray that divides a segment into two equal parts. | segment bisector |
| Two rays with the same endpoint. | angle |
| The rays that make up an angle or the segments that make up any two-dimensional geometric figure. | sides |
| The point where two rays of an angle intersect, a point where the sides of a polygon intersect, or a point where the edges of a geometric solid intersect. | vertex |
| The unit used in measuring angles. | degrees |
| An angle that measures less that 90° | acute |
| An angle that measures 90° or a triangle whose angles are all less than 90°. | right |
| An angle that measures between 90° and 180° or a triangle with one angle between 90° and 180°. | obtuse |
| An angle that measures 180°. | straight |
| An instrument used to measure angles. | protractor |
| Angles that share a side and have a common vertex. | adjacent angles |
| Given D on the interior of angle ABC, it's property allowing the measure of angle ABD + the measure of angle DBC = to the measure of angle ABC. | angle addition |
| A line, segment, or ray that divides an angle into two equal parts. | angle bisector |
| A system of reasoning. | logic |
| Reasoning in which the conclusion is based on past observation. | inductive |
| A triangular arrangement of numbers in which each number in a row is the sum of the two numbers directly above it. | Pascal's Triangle |
| A sequence of numbers where each number is the sum of two previous numbers: 1,1,2,3,5,8,... | Fibonacci Sequence |
| Reasoning in which the conclusion is based on fact. | deductive |
| An if-then statement. | conditional |
| The first part or "if" of a conditional. | hypothesis |
| The second part of "then" of a conditional. | conclusion |
| A conditional formed by interchanging the hypothesis and the conclusion. | converse |
| A case that proves a conditional false. | counterexample |
| The property shown if 3x-4=7, then 3x=11. | addition |
| The property shown if a+b=c, then a=c-b. | subtraction |
| The property shown if x÷3=5x+1, then x=15x+3. | multiplication |
| The property shown if 8x+2y=14, then 4x+y=7. | division |
| The property shown if 4x+2x=8, then 6x=8. | substitution |
| The property shown if w(x+y)=5, then wx+wy=5. | distributive |
| The property shown if b=b, then b=b. | reflexive |
| The property if c=f, then f=c. | symmetric |
| The property shown if a=b and b=d, then a=d. | transitive |
| A statement that can be proven. | theorem |
| A formal series of statements and reasons used to show something is true. | proof |
| The left side of a formal geometric proof. | statements |
| The right side of a formal geometric proof. | reasons |
| Two or more angles that add up to 90°. | complementary angles |
| Two or more angles that add up to 180°. | supplementary angles |
| Nonadjacent angles formed by 2 lines with the same vertices that are always equal. | vertical angles |
| Lines that form right angles. | perpendicular |
| Lines in the same plane that will never cross. | parallel |
| Lines in different planes that never cross. | skew |
| A line that intersects two or more other lines. | transversal |
| Angles considered being on the inside. | interior angles |
| Angles considered being on the outside. | exterior angles |
| Two nonadjacent angles on the inside of two lines but on opposite sides of the transversal. | alternate interior angles |
| Two angles in the same position relative to two lines and a transversal. | corresponding angles |
| Angles on the inside of two lines and on the same side of a transversal. | same side interior angles |
| Either of a pair of numbers that when multiplies equal 1. | reciprocal |
| A three-sided figure. | triangle |
| A triangle with no equal angles and no equal sides. | scalene |
| A triangle with two equal sides and two equal angles. | isosceles |
| A triangle with all sides equal. | equilateral |
| A triangle with all angles equal. | equiangular |
| A side in a right triangle that forms the right angle or a side that is not parallel to another side in a trapezoid. | leg |
| The side opposite the right angle in a right triangle. | hypotenuse |
| A line, ray, or segment that cuts a segment in half and forms right angles. | perpendicular bisector |
| The point where the perpendicular bisectors of a triangle intersect. | circumcenter |
| A segment in a triangle from a vertex perpendicular to the opposite side. | altitude |
| The point where the altitudes of a triangle intersect. | orthocenter |
| A segment in a triangle from a vertex to the opposite side's midpoint or the segment that connects the midpoints of the legs in a trapezoid. | median |
| The point where the medians of a triangle intersect. | centroid |
| The line that connects the orthocenter, the circumcenter, and the centroid in a triangle. | Eular line |
| A mathematical statement showing two unequal values using symbols such as <,>,≥,≤ | inequality |
| Any geometric figure with sides. | polygon |
| A type of polygon whose sides stay outward. | convex |
| A type of polygon whose sides stay inward. | concave |
| A four-sided figure. | quadrilateral |
| A five-sided figure. | pentagon |
| A six-sided figure. | hexagon |
| An eight-sided figure. | octagon |
| A ten-sided figure. | decagon |
| A segment joining two non-consecutive vertices of a polygon. | diagonal |
| Any polygon that has all equal sides and all equal angles. | regular |
| All quadrilaterals with both pairs of opposite sides parallel. | parallelogram |
| Ant quadrilateral with two pair of opposite sides equal and parallel thus forming all right angles. | rectangle |
| Any quadrilateral with four equal sides and four right angles. | square |
| Any quadrilateral with all equal sides whose angles aren't always the same. | rhombus |
| A quadrilateral with only one pair of parallel sides. | trapezoid |
| A segment in a triangle that joins the midpoints of two sides of the triangle. | midsegment |
| A comparison of two numbers. | ratio |
| A comparison of two ratios. | proportion |
| Figures that are the same shape but not necessarily the same size. | similar |
| A ratio between the actual size and a representation of an item (similar figures). | scale factor |
| a number "x" that satisfies a over x = x over b. | geometric mean |
| A rule used to prove three segment lengths make a right triangle or a²+b²=c². | Pythagorean Theorem |
| Three numbers that when used as lengths with create a right triangle. | Pythagorean Triples |
| The study of right triangle measurements and ratios. | trigonometry |
| The trigonometric ratio for an angle made up of the ratio of the opposite side and the hypotenuse. | sine |
| The trigonometric ratio for an angle made up of the ratio of the adjacent side and the hypotenuse. | cosine |
| The trigonometric ratio for an angle made up of the ratio of the opposite side and the adjacent side. | tangent |
| The acronym used to identify the basin trigonometric ratios. | SOHCAHTOA |
| An angle formed from one's line of sight to a point above that line of sight. | angle of elevation |
| An angle formed from one's line of sight to a point below that line of sight. | angle of depression |
| A set of all points equidistant from one point whose equation resembles (x-a)²+(y-b)²=z². | circle |
| The point where all points on a circle are an equal distance from. | center |
| A segment with one endpoint on the circle and one endpoint a the center. | radius |
| A segment whose endpoints are on the circle. | chord |
| A chord that goes through the center of the circle. | diameter |
| A line that contains a chord. | secant line |
| A line that intersects a circle or other curve only once. | tangent line |
| A point where a tangent line intersects a circle. | point of tangency |
| A geometric solid made entirely of circles. | Sphere |
| Circles that share the same center. | concentric |
| To draw a figure inside another figure so the two figures touch at as many points as possible. | inscribe |
| To draw a figure outside another figure so the two figures touch at as many points as possible. | circumscribe |
| Line tangent to two circles which intersects the segment connecting the centers of the circle. | internal tangent line |
| Line tangent to two circles which dies not intersect the segment connecting the centers of the circle. | external tangent line |
| Circles inside of each other tangent to the same line at the same point. | internal tangent circles |
| Circles outside of each other tangent to the same line at the same point. | external tangent circles |
| An angle in a circle whose vertex is at the center of the circle. | central angle |
| The unbroken part or outside of a circle. | arc |
| An arc that measures less than 180°. | minor arc |
| An arc that measures equal to or more than 180°. | major arc |
| An arc of a circle equal to 180°. | semicircle |
| An angle whose vertex is on a circle whose sides are chords of the circle. | inscribed angle |
| The distance around a geometric figure with sides. | perimeter |
| The space inside a two-dimensional figure. | area |
| A segment which can be the bottom of any figure, a parallel side in a trapezoid, or a side of a figure that is perpendicular to another side or segment. | base |
| The length of a segment perpendicular to a base from a vertex. | height |
| The perpendicular distance from the center of a polygon to a side. | apothem |
| The distance around a circle. | circumference |
| A region in a circle bounded by two radii and an arc. | sector |
| A geometric solid made entirely of polygons. | polyhedron |
| A geometric solid with two bases whose sides are all quadrilaterals. | prism |
| A geometric solid with six equal square sides. | cube |
| A geometric solid made of polygons with one base whose sides come to a common vertex. | pyramid |
| A geometric solid with two equal circular bases that are parallel. | cylinder |
| A geometric solid that comes to a point having one circular base. | cone |
| A side in a geometric solid. | face |
| A segment where the faces of a geometric solid meet. | edge |
| A two-dimensional representation unfolded of a three-dimensional solid. | net |
| The amount of material needed to make the outside of a geometric solid. | surface area |
| On a pyramid or cone, it's length of a segment from the outside of the base to the top vertex. | slant height |
| The space inside a geometric solid. | volume |
| Geometric figure made with a compass and a straight edge. | construction |
| An instrument used to measure by making arcs and also used to make circles. | compass |
| A one-to-one mapping or movement such that each preimage has an image. | transformation |
| An original figure that is mapped or moved to create a new figure. | preimage |
| A new figure that has been mapped or moved from an original figure. | image |
| A transformation in which an object is flipped over an axis. | reflection |
| The quality of having balance or exact parts of a figure on either side of an axis. | symmetry |
| A transformation that turns an object about a fixed point. | rotation |
| A quantity that shows distance and direction. | vector |
| The starting point of a vector. | initial point |
| The ending point of a vector. | terminal point |
| The length or size of a vector. | magnitude |
| A transformation that moves a figure a given distance and a given direction. | translation |
| A transformation that expands or contracts a figure thus keeping it similar to the original figure. | dilation |
Created by:
mbarnard