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Unit 1 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Location | the site opposition of a place or thing |
| Environment | the surroundings in which people, plants, or animals live |
| Plain | a large area of flat, or nearly flat, land |
| Barrier island | a narrow island between the mainland and the ocean |
| Escarpment | a steep slope or cliff |
| Fault line | a crack in Earth's surface caused by moving plates |
| Plateau | an area of high , flat land |
| Aquifer | a layer of rock or gravel that absorbs rainfall and keeps it flowing underground |
| Basin | a sunken area in a plateau found between |
| Elevation | height above sea level |
| Arid | lacking enough water for things to grow |
| Petroleum | a type of oil that is the source of gasoline |
| Drought | a period of lower than normal precipitation |
| Erosion | the wearing away of Earth's surface by the movement of water, wind, ice, and gravity |
| Mesa | a small high plateau |
| Butte | a flat-topped hill, smaller than the mesa |
| Agribusiness | large-scale farming including production, processing, and distribution |
| Nomad | person who moves place to place |
| Archaeologist | scientist who studies the physical remains of the past |
| Artifact | any object made or used by humans such as tools, pottery, bones, and shells |
| Hunter-gatherer | person who lives by hunting and gathering food, rather than growing it |
| Shaman | person believed to have the power to summon spirits and heal the sick |
| Confederacy | a union of a different groups |
| Adobe | a mix of sun -dried earth and straw used to build houses |
| Patrilineal | referring to a group that traces kinship through the father's line |
| Tepee | a portable home made of tanned bison hides fastened to a framework of poles |
| middleman | a dealer or agent acting as a go- between for the producers of goods and retailers or consumers |
| Spanish Colonial Era | 1690-1821- This era deals with the efforts of Spain to bring Texas under Spanish control. The Spanish established missions, town, ranches, and military posts in South Central and East Texas. |
| Ogallala Aquifer | a large aquifer, or an underground layer of porous rock that contains water, that stretches from South Dakota to Central Texas |
| Austin | the capital of Texas, located in Central Texas in the Coastal Plains region |
| Rio Grande Valley | an area at the southern tip of Texas along the northern bank of the Rio Grande River as it nears the Gulf of Mexico |
| Beringia | a region now covered in water that was exposed during the last ice age, it included the Bering Strait that connects Alaska and Asia |
| Migrate | To move from one place to another for social, economical, or religious reasons |
| Tribe | A tribe is a number of bands that follow the same leader and share the same territory and culture. |
| Gulf Indians | Coahuiltecans, Karankawas (harshest environment, hunter-gatherers, ate snakes, lizards, snails, armadillos, etc., greatly affected by European diseases) |
| Plains Indians | Kiowas, Apache, Comanche, Tonkawas (Nomadic, followed the buffalo, wore buffalo skin clothing and lived in tepees) |
| Puebloan Indians | Chochos, Tiguas, Adobe (Lived in the Mountain & basin region of Texas where there was very little plant life. They ate seeds, cactus, small animals, lived in pueblos built adobe style with clay) |
| Southeastern indians | Wichita, Atakapans, Caddo ( Lived in the piney woods area of Texas, had face & body tattoos, were hunter-gatherers) |
| Era | Era |
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