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8F
Key Stage 3 Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define aerobic respiration | Glucose reacts with oxygen to release energy |
| Describe how elements and compounds are different in terms of the atoms they contain? | In elements all the atoms are of the same type. In compounds atoms of different elements are joined together. |
| What are the negatively charged particles in atoms called? | electrons |
| What are the two particles in the nucleus of an atom? | Protons and Neutrons |
| State the meaning of the phrase Atomic Number | The number of protons in the atom |
| What is the maximum of electrons that can held in the first, second and third electron shells of an atom? | 2 in the first, 8 in the second, 8 in the third |
| What do we know about the total masses of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction? | They are equal |
| What does a chemical formulae tell you? | The number of atoms of each element that are joined in its molecules, or the ratio of atoms of each element in the compound. |
| Describe the difference between a physical and chemical change? | No new substances are formed in physical changes, at least one new substance is formed in a chemical change |
| Name two signs of a chemical change | · Colour change, · Gas produced · Solid formed from solution · Energy Change. |
| What do we call a statement in words of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction | A chemical change |
| What do we know about all the atoms in a sample of a pure element? | They are all of the same type |
| What is the mass number of an atom? | The number of protons plus the number of neutrons. |
| According to Dalton’s theory what happens to atoms in chemical reactions? | They rearrange themselves to make new substances |
| What are the names of group 1, 7 and 0 of the periodic table | Alkali Metals, Halogens, Nobel Gases |
| What do we know about the properties of elements in the same group of the periodic table? | The have the same properties |
| What changes of state happen at the melting and freezing point ? | Solid to Liquid and Liquid to Solid |
| What does it mean if a substance is described as malleable? | It is possible to beat and bend the substance into a different shape |
| List the three common properties of metals | Three from ● high melting points ● solids at room temperature ● strong and flexible ● malleable ● shiny (when polished) ● good conductors of heat and electricity. |
| List the three common properties of non- metals | Three from ● low melting point ● brittle(when solid) ● not shiny ● poor conductors of heat and electricity. |
| What do we call a substance that changes colour in solution of different acidity and alkalinity | An indicator |
| What happens to the temperature of a pure substance during a change of state? | It stays constant |
| What is the most important difference between metal oxides and non-metal oxides. | Metal oxides tend to be alkaline Non-metal oxides tend to be acidic. |
| Give 4 properties of metals | "*High melting point *Good thermal and electrical conductors *Ductile *Malleable |
| " Give 4 properties of non-metals | "*Low melting point *Poor thermal and electrical conductors *Brittle |
| " Define "alloy" (extension only) | Mixture of two elements, one is a metal |
| Why are alloys hard? (extension only) | Atoms are different sizes so can't slide over each other |
| What is the name for the smaller number given for each element? | Atomic number |
| What is the name for the bigger number given for each element? | Mass number |
| How do you calculate the number of protons for an element? | Use the atomic number |
| Name 6 alkali metals in order of reactivity (low to high) | Lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, francium |
| When cut, how do alkali metals (group 1) appear? | Shiny |
| What is formed when alkali metals (group 1) react with water? | Alkaline metal hydroxide |
| What happens to reactivity as you move down the alkali metals (group 1)? | Increases |
| How do you calculate the number of electrons for an element? | Use the atomic number |
| How do you calculate the number of neutrons for an element? | Mass number - atomic number |
| How are elements arranged in the periodic table? | In order of atomic number (lowest to highest) |
| The column (group) in the periodic table tells us the … | Number of electrons in the outer shell |
| What is the name of the elements found in the middle of the periodic table | Transition metals |
| Why did Mendeleev do when creating the modern periodic table? (extension only) | Left gaps to make the pattern fit |
| How do you calculate the relative formula mass of a compound? (extension only) | Add up the mass numbers |
| Name the 5 halogens (group 7) in order of reactivity (low to high) | Astatine, Iodine, Bromine, Chlorine, Fluorine |
| State 3 properties of the halogens (group 7) | Non-metal, highly reactive, diatomic |
| What happens to reactivity as you move down the halogens (group 7)? | Decreases |
| Recall the reactivity series of metals from high to low reactivity | Potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, copper |
| Describe the reaction of potassium with water | Produces hydrogen, heat and a lilac flame |
Created by:
Davenant Foundation School
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