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Units 2B/3
Units 2B/3: 7th Grade
Term | Definition |
---|---|
CELL | Basic structural and functional unit of living organisms. |
TISSUE | Large mass of similar cells that make up a part of an organism and perform the same specific function. |
ORGAN | Large collection of similar tissue that make up a part of an organism and performs a specific and specialized function of the body. |
ORGAN SYSTEM | Composed of several organs working together to perform specific and vital functions. |
ORGANISM | Individual form of life that is capable of growing, taking in nutrients, and usually reproducing (organ systems working together); self-contained living thing. |
ORGANELLE | Tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell. |
Circulatory System - BLOOD VESSELS | Like the CYTOPLASM - all materials travel through here from place to place. |
Circulatory System - HEART | Like the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM - pushes materials throughout. |
Digestive System - LIVER | Like the RIBOSOME - both build. |
Digestive System - STOMACH & INTESTINES | Like the MITOCHONDRIA - makes usable energy from food. |
Excretory System - KIDNEYS | Like the LYSOSOME - breaks down and removes waste. |
Integumentary System - SKIN | Like the CELL MEMBRANE - covers us, keeps stuff in and out. |
Nervous System - BRAIN | Like the NUCLEUS - controls all of the activities. |
Respiratory System - LUNGS | Like the CHLOROPLAST - takes in needed gases. |
Skeletal System - BONES | Like the CELL WALL - gives shape and structure. |
Urinary System - BLADDER | Like the VACUOLE - stores water and waste. |
STIMULUS | Action or condition that provokes a response. |
RESPONSE | Change in a system resulting from a stimulus. |
HOMEOSTASIS | Tendency of an organism or cell to maintain a balanced state so as to maintain health and function. |
PATHOGEN | Microorganism or virus that can cause disease. |
FIGHT-OR-FLIGHT | Short-term physiological changes in response to stress that prepare the body for intense activity to avoid harm. |
GRAVITROPISM/ GEOTROPISM | Plant’s growth in response to the force exerted upon it by gravity. |
INTERNAL STIMULUS | A change from within an organism, such as hunger and thirst, that causes the organism to respond. |
EXTERNAL STIMULUS | Anything outside the body of the organism that can cause a response in an organism. |
FORCE | Push or pull that can change the motion of an object. |
MOTION | Change in an object's position with respect to time & in comparison to the position of other objects used as reference points. |
GERMINATION | Process by which a plant grows from a seed, a.k.a. seedling emergence. |
VACUOLE | Organelle in cell cytoplasm; functions to store water, nutrients, & wastes; 1 large central unit in plant cells, several small units in animal cells. |
TURGOR PRESSURE | Force of water molecules against the cell wall that allows plants to stand up straight; "turg = swollen." |
TROPISM | Turning of all or part of an organism in a particular direction in response to an external stimulus, e.g. gravity, light, water, touch, heat, etc. |
PHOTOTROPISM | Orientation of a plant or other organism in response to light, either toward or away from the source of light; "photo = light." |
HYDROTROPISM | Growth or turning of plant roots toward or away from moisture; "hydro = water." |
GEOTROPISM/ GRAVITROPISM | Plant’s growth in response to the force exerted upon it by gravity; "geo = earth" & "gravi = gravity." |
WILT | Become limp or droopy due to heat, loss of water, or disease. |
TURGID | State of plant cells when their vacuoles are filled with water, causing the plant leaves to stand upright; "turg = swollen." |
STOMATA | Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water can move. |
PHLOEM | The vascular tissue through which food moves in some plants. |
XYLEM | The vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant. |
EMERGENCE | Process of coming into view or becoming exposed after being concealed. |
THIGMOTROPISM | A growth response to touch. |