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Unit3Sound6thgrade
Sound and Waves
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| wave | a disturbance that transfers energy from one point to another |
| transverse wave | mechanical or electromagnetic wave that moves up and down |
| compressional wave (or longitudinal wave) | mechanical wave that moves back and forth |
| crest | highest point of transverse wave |
| trough | lowest point of transverse wave |
| compression | The part of a compressional/longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together. (crest) |
| rarefaction | a part in a compressional/longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart (trough) |
| wavelength | (amount of energy) is measured crest to crest OR trough to trough |
| frequency | (pitch/color) number of crests OR troughs that pass a point in one unit of time |
| amplitude | (volume/intensity/brightness) height from the crest OR trough to the midpoint (in sound: the wider the compression = greater volume) |
| sound wave | compressional wave produced by vibrations in matter (mechanical wave) |
| Doppler effect | An observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source or observer is moving. The frequency and amplitude are higher when the source and observer are closer together. |
| energy (and waves) | shorter wavelengths/higher frequencies have more; longer wavelengths/lower frequencies have less; higher amplitudes have more; lower amplitudes have less (amplitude impacts more than frequency) |
| sound wave in a vacuum (like space) | cannot travel because there are no molecules (medium-solid |
| electromagnetic wave in a vacuum (like space) | can travel because no molecules are needed to transfer energy (no medium-solid |
| transmission | passing through an object with no disturbance, change, or distortion |
| absorption | wave is taken in or stopped |
| reflection | wave is bounced off an object, changing its direction |
| refraction | the bending or scattering of waves (usually because of change in medium) |
| diffusion | scattering of waves in all directions |
| diffraction | The bending of a wave as it moves around an obstacle or passes through a narrow opening |
| independent variable | The outcome factor (result); the variable that may change in response to manipulation of the independent variable.(effect) |
| dependent variable | The outcome factor (result); the variable that may change in response to manipulation of the independent variable.(effect) |
Created by:
akguidry