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Nat Sel 22-23
Adaptations and Natural Selection
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Dichotomous Key | A tool used to determine the identity of things in the natural world. |
| Couplets | A pair of contradictory statements where one statement is accepted and the other rejected. |
| Organism | An individual animal, plant or single-celled life form. |
| Kingdom | One of six groups of organisms that share similar characteristics with other that are also in that group. |
| Eubacteria | True bacteria, prokaryotic, unicellular, autotrophs and heterotroph, spherical or rod-shaped, and found in soil, rocks, oceans, snow and living organisms. |
| Achaeabacteria | Differs from other bacteria, prokaryotic, unicellular, autotroph and heterotroph , and found in extreme environments such as hydrothermal vents. |
| Protista | Cannot be classified as animal, plant or fungus, eukaryotes, most are unicellular, and autotroph and heterotroph; Ex: slime mold (A), protozoa (B), primitive algae (C) |
| Fungi | Multicellular, eukaryotes, all heterotrophs – consumers; Ex: yeast (A), mushrooms (B), ringworm (C). |
| Plantae | Multicellular, eukaryotes, most live on land, autotrophs – (producer, makes its own food), provides food for heterotrophs. |
| Animalia | Multicellular, eukaryotes, live everywhere, heterotrophs - consumers. |
| Natural Selection | The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring over long periods of time. |
| Selective Breeding | The process by which humans choose a plant of animal to breed based on specific traits by choosing which plants or animals will sexually reproduce to create the desired offspring. |
| Environment | The surrounding or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives. |
| Genetic Traits | Characteristics that are passed on to offspring (inherited) from parents. |
| Genetically Modified Organism (GMOs) | Organisms engineered to contain foreign DNA that the organism could not obtain in traditional breeding which is usually done to introduce a beneficial trait. |
| Adaptation | A body part, feature, or behavior that helps a living thing survive and function better in in its environment that is developed through natural selection. |
| Charles Darwin | Naturalist who is famous for his work on natural selection and did 5 years doing research on his ship the HMS Beagle. Born in England (1809-1882) and wrote "On the Origin of Species." |
| structure | a section of what an animal or plant is made of. This is part of its physical form. |
| function | what the structure does, a special task. |
| behavior | part of a living organism's activity. Some functions, like running, are also behaviors. |
| Species | a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding. |
| Variation | differences among organisms of the same species (i.e. hair color, eye color, face shape, etc..) |
| External Structure | a part of an organism on the outside of the body that helps the organism survive. (i.e. fins on fish or beaks on birds) |
| Internal Structure | a part of an organism on the inside of the body that helps the organism survive. (i.e. lungs, bones, etc.) |
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LMS 7 Sci
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