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Chapter 6
ATP & Energy Cycles
Term | Definition |
---|---|
adenine | a nitrogen-containing compound found in ATP, DNA< and RNA |
metabolism | the collection of the chemical reactions that occur in a cell |
potential energy | stored energy |
kinetic energy | energy of motion |
calorie | a unit used to measure the amount of energy food contains |
ADP | adenine diphosphate; a molecule converted to ATP by the addition of a phosphate |
phosphorylation | the addition of a phosphate group to a molecule |
catalyst | a chemical that helps in a chemical reaction, but is not consumed or changed in the reaction |
obesity | a condition of being greatly overweight |
diabetes | a genetic disease in which a person has too much sugar in his or her blood |
saliva | a liquid produced by glands in the mouth that helps in chewing and starts digestion |
pepsin | an enzyme produced in the stomach for digestion |
activation energy | the amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction |
substrate | a reactant molecule; the molecule on which an enzyme reacts |
active site | the area on an enzyme where the substrate fits in shape and chemistry |