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Forensic DNA

Chapter 9

TermDefinition
Fundamental unit of heredity DNA
Repeating unit on DNA nucleotide
Four bases found in DNA adenine guanine cytosine thymine
Technique using DNA polymerase to copy DNA strand outside of living cell PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
DNA from one organism is inserted into DNA from another organism Recombinant DNA
portion of DNA molecule where bases repeat numerous times Tandem Repeats
length differences associated with relatively long repeating DNA strands RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism)
Used in laboratory to cut DNA molecules restriction enzymes
process used in labs to separate DNA using electricity into a pattern of bands gel electrophoresis
Process that can amplify very small quantities of DNA PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
Tend to break apart at crime scenes, not as stable as PCRs RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism)
Locations on chromosomes that contain short sequences that repeat themselves within the DNA molecule STR (short tandem repeats)
Length of a typical STR 450 bases or less
Using multiple STRs to improve the odds of identification multiplexing
As little as 125 picograms is needed for analysis of DNA STR
This type of DNA is inherited from the mother only mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA)
The 2 regions in mtDNA that are sequenced in forensics HV1 and HV2
Type of DNA typing usually used as a last resort mtDNA
DNA database of criminals CODIS
Type of container used to store biological evidence paper or cardboard
Best method used to obtain DNA from a suspect Buccal Swab
Always worn when collecting biological evidence gloves
sometimes word when collecting biological evidence mask, jumpsuit, booties
swabbing of an unstained area next to where a blood stain is found substrate control
Created by: jamesweide