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A & P-muscles
muscular system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 Connective tissue components | Endomysin, Perimysium, Epimysium |
| specialized skeletal muscle cells/fibers covered by a delicate connective tissue membrane called | Endomysin |
| fascicles are bound together by a tough connective tissue envelope called | Perimysium |
| The muscle as a whole are covered by a coarse sheath called | Epimysium |
| a strong tough cord continuous at its other end with the fibrous periosteum covering a bone | tendon |
| fibrous wrapping of a muscle may extend as a broad, flat sheet of connective tissue which usually merges with the fibrous wrappings of another muscle | aponeurosis |
| general term for the fibrous connective tissue found under the skin and surrounding many deeper organs, including skeletal muscles and bones | fascia |
| Tube-shaped structures of fibrous connective tissue that enclose certain tendons, notably those of the wrist and ankle | tendon sheaths |
| 6 muscle shapes | parallel, convergent, pennate, fusiform, spiral, circular |
| vary in length,straplike muscles with parallel fascicles, sartorius muscle and rectus abdominis are examples | parallel |
| radiate out from a small to a wider point of attachment, like the blades in a fan. example: pectoralis major muscle | convergent |
| muscles with a“feather-like” appearance | pennate |
| have fascicles that may be close to parallel in the center (thick in the middle), converge to a tendon at one or both ends. example: brachioradialis | fusiform |
| have fibers that twist between their points of attachment, example: latisumus dorsi | spiral |
| muscles that are circle body tubes or openings. examples: orbicularis oris around the mouth | circular |
| point of attachment that does not move when the muscle contracts | orgin |
| the point of attachment that moves when the muscle contracts | insertion |
| muscles that function as joint stabilizers. help maintain posture or balance | fixator |
| What are the criteria for naming muscles | location, function, shape, size, direction of fibers, number of divisions, points of attachement |
| Functions of muscles | movement, heat, posture |
| protective sheath, plasma membrane connections between sacromeres | sarcolemma |
| the cytoplam of the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber | sarcoplasm |
| bundles of very fine cytoskeletal filaments that extend lengthwise along skeletal muscle fibers, fill the sarcoplasm, cylindrical structures that carry out contraction | myofibrils |
| Myofibrils are made up of still fine fibers called | myofilaments |
| 2 types of myofilaments | thick and thin |
| a segment of the myofibril between two successive Z lines,functions as a contractile unit, make up miofibrils | sarcomeres |
| four different kinds of protein molecules make up myofilaments: | myosin, actin, tropomysin, tropin |
| The thin myofilaments are made of a combination of three proteins: | actin, tropomyosin, troponin |
| anchor for myofibrils and separates one sarcomere from the next | Z line |
| Injuries (tearing or stretching) to skeletal muscles caused by overexertion or trauma usually result in | muscle strain |
| If an injury occurs in the area of a joint and a ligament is damaged, the injury is a | sprain |
| 3 types of muscle | cardiac, smooth, skeletal |
| where is smooth muscle found | walls of all hollow organs of the body |
| another name for skeletal muscle | striated |
| thick filaments are composed of what protein | myosin |
| thin filaments are composed of what proteins? | actin, troponin, tropmyosin |
| in the resting state, Ca is stored in what part of the muscle fiber | sacroplasmic reticulum |
| what does Ca bind to? | troponin of thin filaments |
| when troponin and Ca bind they stimulate what | interaction between actin and myosin reulting in sacromere contraction |
| what role does ATP have in muscle contraction? | pumps Ca back |
Created by:
srehrauer
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