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Fluid Balance Test
Fluid and Electrolytes imbalance review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Intercellular (ICF) | Body fluids within the cells, contains most of the body fluids about 2/3 in adults. |
| Extracellular (ECF) | Body fluids found outside the cells about 1/3 in adults. |
| Intravasular fluid | Body fluids found to be the plasma/blood |
| Interstitial fluid | Body fluids found between the cells. |
| Third spacing | Another term for fluids found between the cells. |
| Babies | ECF > ICF and are at high risk of volume deficit. |
| Isotonic solution | Equal distribution of water and particles. |
| Hypotonic | Low particles with high water content. |
| Hypertonic | High particles with low water content. |
| Osmosis | The movement of water through a selective permeable cell membrane. |
| Diffusion | A process by which particles move from an area of higher concentration to a lower concentration. |
| Active Transport | Particles are moved from a lower concentratrion to a higher conentration with the use of energy. |
| Hydrostatic Pressure | The force of fluid pressing outward against the vessel walls. |
| Colloid Osmotic Pressure | The pulling force exerted by colloids(proteins) in a solution. |
| Arteral Capillaries | HP>OP and fluids are pushed out. |
| Venous Capillaries | OP>HP and fluids are pulled into |
| Infants TBW | 70% of fluids |
| Adult males TBW | 60% of fluids |
| Adult females TBW | 50% of fluids |
| Fat Content | Women have greater 5 of body fat than men. |
| Elderly TBW | Have more fat and less water, 40% - 45% |
| NewBorns TBW | Have less fat and more water. |
| TBW | Is determined by intake and output of fluids. |
| Healthy adults/infants | Daily water requirement is 1500 ml of body surface area. |
| Drinking sources | 1400-1800 ml/per day |
| Foods sources | 700-1000 ml/per day |
| Total daily intake source | 2400-3200 ml/per day |
| Oxidative metabolism | 300-400 ml/per day |
| Sensible water loss | Measurable loss, person is aware: Urine, defication, wounds |
| Defication water loss | 100-200 ml/per day |
| Diarrhea water loss | 500 ml/per day |
| Urine water loss | 1-2 L daily/ 1ml/per hr |
| Insensible water loss | Difficult to measure, unaware:Lungs, Skin(sweating) |
| Avg daily insensible water loss | 500-1000 ml/per day |
| Total insensible water loss | 2400-3200 ml/day |
| Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) | Energy used to given to particles to move against a concentration gradient. |
| Thirst | Occurs with 2% water loss, stimulated by <ECF |
| Kidneys | Key role in fluid&electrolyte balance and regulation of ECF volume. |
| Increase ECF | Increase urine ecrection by the kidneys |
| Decrease ECF | Decrease urine excreation by the kidneys |
| Pituitary Gland | Regulate the release of antidiurectic hormone (ADH) |
| Antidiuretic Hormone(ADH) | Called water conserving hormone: reabsorption of water. |
| Inc secretion of ADH | Inc water retention |
| Dec secretion of ADH | Dec water retention |
| ADH regulated by | High plasma osmolality, hypotension, volume depletion |
| SIADH disorder | Excessive ADH secrection equals excessive water retention |
| Water | 60% in our body where in infants there is 70% |
| Lose electrolytes | by; - vomitting, diarrhea |
| Fatality | If we lose morse than 20% of body fluids |
| ICF | Fluids inside the cell |
| ECF | Fluids outside cell |
| Intravascular | Fluids within the vessel |
| Glucose | Nonelectrolyte- doesnt dissolve in solutions |
| Electrolytes | Dissolve in water and carry a charge (anion or cation) |
| Na+ (sodium) | Found in the interstitial space |
| K+ (potassium) | Found in the intracellular space |
| Osmotic Pressure | The force that drives osmosis |
| Hypothalamus | It drives your thirst (your fluid replacement is unconscious) |
| Obligatory | loss of water through sweating |
| GI tract Function | Location that water and fluid absorbed |
| Kidneys Function | The role in regulation of fluids and electrolytes |
| Weight daily | Most accurate way to measure intake/output |
| ADH | Secreted from the posterior puituitary gland/ adrenal cortex |
| Diaphoresis | Profuse sweating |
| Osmolarity/Osmality | Both measure the conc. of the solution |
| Fluid Output | Kidneys, Skin, Lungs, and GI Tract |
| 1st spacing | Normal dist. of fluid |
| 2nd spacing | Abnormal. dist/ or accumulation of fluid (edema) |
| 3rd spacing | Fluid is trapped (ascites) |
Created by:
Nerd