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SAT Math Vocabulary
SAT Math Must-Know Vocabulary
Question | Answer |
---|---|
integers | Integers are numbers without a fractional part (and that is why they are often called the whole numbers). Integers include 1, 2, 3, . . . (the counting numbers) along with 0, −1, −2, −3, . . . |
remainder | When an integer is divided by another, the remainder is the integer amount that is left over. For example, when 66 is divided by 7, the remainder is 3, since 7 goes into 66 a total of 9 times, with 3 left over: 66 = 7 × 9 + 3. |
even integers | Even integers can be divided by two without a remainder. The even integers include 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, . . . , 2753, . . . along with −2, −4, −6, . . . , −37954, . . . |
odd integers | Odd integers can not be divided by two without a remainder. The odd integers include 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, . . . , 2452 + 1, . . . along with −1, −3, −5, . . . , −37955, . . . |
positive, negative | A positive number is greater than zero, and a negative number is less than zero. Zero itself is neither positive nor negative. Note that a negative number raised to an even power is posi- tive, and when raised to an odd power is negative. |
multiple | A multiple of a number is the result of multiplying that number by any integer. For example, the multiples of 15 include 15, 30, 45, 60, . . . but also 0, −15, −30, . . . |
factor | A factor of a number is any integer that can divide that number without a remainder. For example, the factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12; the factors of 29 are just 1 and 29. |
prime | A prime number is a positive integer that has only two factors: itself and 1. The prime numbers include 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, . . . The prime factors of a number are the factors of the number that also are prime. |
average (arithmetic mean) | The average of a group of numbers is the sum of the numbers divided by the number of numbers. |
median | The median of a group of numbers is the number in the middle of the group after the group has been numerically sorted. |
mode | The mode of a group of numbers is the number or numbers which appear most often |
in terms of | You are often asked on the SAT to solve for some variable “in terms of” another variable or variables. |
less, fewer | A common SAT question type involves translating from words into an algebraic equation that you can solve. |
rational | A rational number is any number that can be written as a fraction: a ratio of two integers. Rational numbers include 1/2, 3/4, 5 (since 5 = 5/1), 22/7, 1/3, and so on. |
Important rational numbers to know from memory as decimals | 1/2 = 0.5, 1/3 = 0.33, 1/4 = 0.25, 1/5 = 0.2, 2/3 = 0.66, and 3/4 = 0.75. |
real | The real numbers are all the numbers on the number line, including the integers, the rational numbers, and everything else |
domain | The domain of a function is all of the possible values that can be used as input to the function, so that the function returns a real value. If the function is written as y = f(x), the domain is all possible values of x such that y is a real number. |
range | The range of a function is all of the possible values that can be generated (output) by the function. If the function is written as y = f(x), then the domain is all possible values of y. |
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