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SAT Math Vocabulary

SAT Math Must-Know Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
integers Integers are numbers without a fractional part (and that is why they are often called the whole numbers). Integers include 1, 2, 3, . . . (the counting numbers) along with 0, −1, −2, −3, . . .
remainder When an integer is divided by another, the remainder is the integer amount that is left over. For example, when 66 is divided by 7, the remainder is 3, since 7 goes into 66 a total of 9 times, with 3 left over: 66 = 7 × 9 + 3.
even integers Even integers can be divided by two without a remainder. The even integers include 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, . . . , 2753, . . . along with −2, −4, −6, . . . , −37954, . . .
odd integers Odd integers can not be divided by two without a remainder. The odd integers include 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, . . . , 2452 + 1, . . . along with −1, −3, −5, . . . , −37955, . . .
positive, negative A positive number is greater than zero, and a negative number is less than zero. Zero itself is neither positive nor negative. Note that a negative number raised to an even power is posi- tive, and when raised to an odd power is negative.
multiple A multiple of a number is the result of multiplying that number by any integer. For example, the multiples of 15 include 15, 30, 45, 60, . . . but also 0, −15, −30, . . .
factor A factor of a number is any integer that can divide that number without a remainder. For example, the factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12; the factors of 29 are just 1 and 29.
prime A prime number is a positive integer that has only two factors: itself and 1. The prime numbers include 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, . . . The prime factors of a number are the factors of the number that also are prime.
average (arithmetic mean) The average of a group of numbers is the sum of the numbers divided by the number of numbers.
median The median of a group of numbers is the number in the middle of the group after the group has been numerically sorted.
mode The mode of a group of numbers is the number or numbers which appear most often
in terms of You are often asked on the SAT to solve for some variable “in terms of” another variable or variables.
less, fewer A common SAT question type involves translating from words into an algebraic equation that you can solve.
rational A rational number is any number that can be written as a fraction: a ratio of two integers. Rational numbers include 1/2, 3/4, 5 (since 5 = 5/1), 22/7, 1/3, and so on.
Important rational numbers to know from memory as decimals 1/2 = 0.5, 1/3 = 0.33, 1/4 = 0.25, 1/5 = 0.2, 2/3 = 0.66, and 3/4 = 0.75.
real The real numbers are all the numbers on the number line, including the integers, the rational numbers, and everything else
domain The domain of a function is all of the possible values that can be used as input to the function, so that the function returns a real value. If the function is written as y = f(x), the domain is all possible values of x such that y is a real number.
range The range of a function is all of the possible values that can be generated (output) by the function. If the function is written as y = f(x), then the domain is all possible values of y.
Created by: chess
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