| Question | Answer |
| ***Should you use T1, T2, or PD for images pertaining to musculoskeletal? | PD |
| ***Which sequence has TR > 1000ms, TE<30ms, and a FA of 90 degrees? | PD |
| Which sequence has a TR that varies? | T2 weighted gradient echo (aka: GRASS) |
| What is an advantage of using GRASS sequencing? | You can see small slices. Usually used for cervical spine and ACL |
| ***Which sequence has a FA of 5-20 degrees? | T2 weighted gradient echo (GRASS) |
| ***Which sequence imaging is the only one to use inversion time (TI)? | STIR (short tau inversion recovery. |
| ***Which sequence imaging has a TR>2000ms, TE>60ms, and a FA 180 degrees? | STIR |
| Which sequencing is the MOST SENSITIVE to see pathologies? | STIR, it detects pathologies the earliest. *It CANCELs out FAT |
| What is another way to cancel out fat in terms of sequencing? | Fat saturation imaging. (I didn't get much on this, sorry) |
| Q: A standard series of cervical x-rays consists of three views. What are they? | A: The standard series consists of a Lateral Cervical Neutral (LCN), AP Lower Cervical (APLC), and AP Open Mouth (APOM). |
| Q: An extended series of cervical x-rays consists of five views. What are they? | A: The extended series consists of all three standard series views (LCN, APLC, and APOM) PLUS a Left and Right Oblique (LPO, LAO, RPO, or RAO). |
| Q: A Davis series of cervical x-rays consists of seven views. What are they… and when is it used? | A: The Davis series consists of all three standard series views (LCN, APLC, APOM) PLUS a Left and Right Oblique PLUS a Lateral Cervical Flexion and Extension. The Davis series is used in whiplash and trauma cases. |
| Which view shows IVFs? | Oblique views |
| T/F when taking obliques it is ok to do a Left anterior oblique and a Right posterior oblique? | NO way Jose! they will be showing the same IVF's |
| Which view is used to evaluate intersegmental movement? | Lateral cervical flexion and extension |
| Name 4 contraindications to a flexion/extension study? | 1.Fractures (unstable) 2.Dislocations 3.Malignancy 4.Infection. Therefore, it is very important to initially evaluate the cervical spine with a LCN after trauma prior to a flexion/extension study |