| week 1, 9-12 | Answer |
| Q: Microbiology was born as a science in what year and by who? | A. Anthony van Leeuwenhoek in 1674 |
| q. Van Leeuwenhoek made the first microscope to "____________"? | a. "animalcules" |
| q. All organisms which are dependant upon host are? | a. Parasites |
| q.Detractors to the Spontaneous Generation theory included what three people? | a. 1Francesco Redi, 2.Louis Pasteur 3.John Tyndall |
| q. Who disproved Spon. Gen. by using flies? | a. italian biologist and physician Francesco Redi |
| q. Who is considered the father of modern microbiology? | a. Louis Pasteur |
| q. Who demonstrated that the air is filled with microorganisms by using a swan neck flask and a cotton plug and infusions. | a. Louis Pasteur |
| q. Who explained discrepancies to pasteurs results due to heat resistant life forms? | a. John Tyndall |
| q. Who discovered endospores? | a. German botanist Ferdinand Cohn |
| q.Robert Koch was able to establish _____________ role in disease transmission. | a. endospore |
| q. In what year did Antony van Leeuwenhoek observe bacteria and protozoa using his first microscope? | a. 1676 |
| q. In what year did Edward Jenner introduce a vaccination procedure for smallpox? | a. 1796 |
| q. What did Mathias Schleden and Theodor Schwann propose in 1838-1839? | a. that all organisms are composed of cells, the basic unit of life. |
| q. Ignaz Semmelwels demonstrated that puerperal or childbed fever is a contagious disease transmitted by physicians to their patients during childbirth in what years? | a. 1847-1850. |
| q. In 1853-1854 what did John Snow demonstrate ? | a. that the cholera epidemic was due to a water supply contaminated with human sewage. |
| q. Who demonstrated that yeast can degrade sugar to ethanol and carbon dioxide ? | a. Pasteur 1822-1895 |
| q. 1827-1912 ? | a. Joseph Lister and antiseptics. |
| q. In 1843-1910 who demonstrated that anthrax is caused by a bacterium, introduced pure culture techniques for handeling bacteria, ieentifies the causative agent of tuberculosis, and stated his own postulates? | a. Koch |
| q. Who discovers phagocytes and their role in engulfing bacteria in 1845-1916? | a. Elie Metchnikoff |
| q. What did Paul Ehrlich start in 1908? | a. Chemotherapy to treat diseases. |
| q.1928 who discovered genetic transformation in bacteria? | a. Fredrick Griffith |
| Q. what did Alexander Fleming do? | a. Fleming discovers and describes the properties of the first antibiotic, penicillin. |
| q. 1944 what did Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty do? | a. demonstrated that Griffith's transforming principle is DNA. |
| q. 1944 what did Joshua Lederberg and Edward Tatum demontrate about DNA ? | a. that it can be transferred from one bacterium to another CONJUGATION. |
| 1953. q. What contribution to DNA did Watson, Crick, Franklin and Wilkins make? | a. determined the structure of DNA. |