| Question | Answer |
| cellulose | chemical compound made by plants out of sugar |
| cuticle | waxy, protective layer that covers the stems, leaves and flowers of many plants and prevents water loss |
| vascular plant | plant with tubelike structures that move minerals, water and other substances throughout the plant |
| nonvascular plant | plant that absorbs water and other substances directly through its cell walls |
| rhizoids | threadlike structures that anchor nonvascular plants to the ground |
| stomata | tiny openings in a plants epidermis through which carbon dioxide and water vapor gases enter and leave a leaf |
| guard cell | pairs of cells that surround stomata and control their openings and closing |
| gymnosperms | vascular plants that do not flower |
| angiosperms | flowering vascular plants that produce fruit containing one or more seeds |
| xylem | vascular tissue that forms hollow vessels that transport substances, other than sugar throughout a plant |
| phloem | vascular tissue that forms tubes that transport dissolved sugar throughout a plant |
| cambium | vascular tissue that produces xylem and phloem cells as a plant grows |
| photosynthesis | food making process that takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells |
| chlorophyll | green, light trapping pigment in plant chloroplasts that is important to photosynthesis |
| respiration | series of chemical reactions used to release energy stored in food molecules |
| auxin | plant hormone that causes plant leaves and stems to exhibit positive phototropism |
| tropism | positive or negative plant response to an external stimulus such as touch, light, or gravity |
| photoperiodism | a plant's response to the lengths of daylight and darkness each day |