| Question | Answer |
| motivation | a need or desire tht energizes and directs behavior; a person that has been in ia car wreck is told they will never walk again but they motivate themselves to walk |
| drivereduction theory | the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organsim to satisfy the need; someone that is hungry will eat to release the tension |
| homeostasis | a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level; someone that stays the same |
| incentives | a positive or negetive environmental stimulus that motivates behavior;
NEED(foor, water).....DRIVE(hunger, thirst)....DRIVE-REDUCING BEHAVIORS(eating, drinking) |
| hiearachy of needs | Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be sastified before higher-level safety needs and the psychological needs become active; someone who is hungry and goes and finds food to eat is at the physiol |
| set point | the point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set. When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight; someone that has a set weight and then gains weight an |
| anorexia nervosa | an eating disorder in which a normal-weight person diets and becomes significally underweight, yet still feeling fat, continues to strave; Mary-Kate Olsen, Lindsey Lohan, Nicole Richie all are anorexic |
| Bulimia nervosa | an eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-calorie foods, followed by vomiting, fasting, or excessive exercise; someone who feels they have ate to much through out the day will throw up so they don't gain the weight |
| sexual response cycle | the four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson-excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution; the stages men and women go through when having sex |
| refractory period | a resting period after orgasm, during which a man cannot achieve another orgasm; a man can no longer have an orgasm |
| sexual disorders | a problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning; someone who is having problems and cannot get any sexual arousal |
| sexual orientation | an enduring sexual attraction toward members of either one's own sex or the other sex; someone who is attracted to the same sex or attracted to the opposite sex |
| industrial-organizational psychology (I/O) | the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces; applies psychology's principles to the workplace |
| personal psychology | a subfield of I/O psypsychology that focuses on employee recruitment, selection, placement, training, appraisal, and development; using psychology when hiring a new employee to know how they will really work |
| organizational psychology | a subfield of I/O psychology that examines organizational influences on worker satsifaction and productivity and facilitates organizational change; seeing how work environments and management styles influence worker motivation, satsifaction, and productiv |
| structured interviews | interview process that asks the same jobrelevant questions of all applications, each of whom is rated on establidhed scales; ask people the same questions and hear all the different answers that are given and place the answers on a scale |
| achievement motivation | a desire for significant accomplishment for mastery of things, people, or ideas; for attaining a higher standard; someone who has to be the best or have the most control |
| task leadership | goal-oriented leadership that sets standards, organizes work, and focuses attention on goals; a leader that sets certain goals and has set standards how they want things done |
| social leadership | group-oriented leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and offers support; a football team that sets goals for each game and supports teammates |
| basal metabolic rate | the body's resting rate of energy expenditure; the amount of energy expanded while at rest |