| Flap 1 |
Flap 2 |
| What is the science that studies the structure or morphology of the body? | Anatomy |
| What is the name of the science that studies how the body functions? | Physiology |
| What s a form of microscopic anatomy? | Histology |
| What science describes the structural and functional changes caused by disease? | Pathology |
| What kind of affect *Increases circulation of venous blood and lymph, *Stretches muscle tissue, and *Loosens adhesions and scar tissue? | Direct Affect |
| What kind of affect *Increases local circulation to muscle and organs, *Decreases blood pressure, and *Relaxes tense muscles? | Indirect Affect |
| What effect does *Decreased heart rate and *Slower deeper breathing have? | Reflex Effect |
| How is the body organized? | From very simple to very complex. |
| What do tiny atoms form? | Molecules |
| Larger molecules organize to form what? | Cells |
| What do specialized groups of cells form? | Tissues |
| Tissues are arranged into what? | Organs |
| What is another name for organs? | Viscera |
| Groups of organs create... | Organ Sysytems |
| All the organ systems together form this? | Human Organism |
| Arrange in order: Tissues, Atoms. Human Organism, Molecules, Cells, Organs, Organ Systems. | Atoms, Molecules, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems and Human Organism |
| What is an organ? | A group of tissues arranged to accomplish a particular function. |
| What is an Organ System? | A group of organs that help each other to perform a particular function. |
| How many major organ systems does the body have? | 11 |
| What is made up of skin, hair and nails? | Integumentary System |
| What are the 3 functions of the Integumentary System? | 1. Forms covering for the body, 2. Helps regulate body temperature, 3. Contain some of the structures necessary for sensations |
| What consists primarily of bones, joints and cartilage? | Skeletal System |
| Name the two functions of the Skeletal Sysytem? | 1. forms basic framework for the body and 2. protects and supports body organs. |
| What system consists of 3 types of muscle? | Muscular System |
| Where do skeletal muscles attach and what is their function? | They attach to bone and are responsible for movement of the skeleton. |
| What consists of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs? | Nervous System |
| What is the purpose of the Nervous System? | Receive information from the outside and transport it to the brain. |
| What is the function of the Nervous System? | To interpret and send messages to the appropriate organs. |
| What is made up of many glands? | Endocine System |
| What is the function of the Endocrine System? | The glands secrete hormones and chemicals that regulate body activities such as growth, reproduction and water balance. |
| What consists of heart and blood vessels? | Circulatory System |
| What is the function of the Circulatory System? | To pump and transport blood throughout the body. |
| What consists of lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, lymph and lymph tissue? | Lymphatic System |
| What is the function of the Lymphatic System? | It plays a role in the body's defense against pathogen and other foreign material. |
| What consists of the lungs and other structures that help conduct air to and from the lungs? | Respiratory System |
| What is the function of the Respiratory System? | Moves oxygen into the lungs and moves carbon dioxide out. |
| What consists of the stomach, intestines, and accessory organs such as liver and gall bladder? | Digestive System |
| What is the function of the Digestive System? | It is designed to eat food, break it down into substances that can be absorbed by the body and eliminate waste. |
| What consists of the kidneys and other structures that help excrete waste products from the body? | Urinary System |
| What is the function of the Urinary System? | Excrete wastes which helps control the amount and composition of water and other substances in the body. |
| What consists of the organs and structures that enable the human organism to reproduce? | Reproductive System |
| What means "staying the same" | Homeostasis |
| What refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment in response to a changing external environment. | Homeostasis |
| What are mechanisms that help to maintain homeostasis? | Homeostatic Mechanisms |
| The body has hundreds of these to help control temperature, blood sugar, water balance and blood pressure. What are they? | Homeostaic Mechanisms |
| What is the result when Homeostaitc Mechanisms do not work normally? | Disease or Dysfunction |
| What is an abnormal, unhealthy state of all or part of the body? | Disease |
| What is an observable indication of disease? | A Sign |
| What is caused by disease and perceived by the patient? | A Symptom |
| What is a psychologial or physical condition that causes tension or strain? | Stress |
| Abdominal | Belly |
| Antecubital | Elbow |
| Axillary | Armpit |
| Brachial | Arm |
| Buccal | Cheek |
| Cephalic | Head |
| Cervical | Neck |
| Cranial | Head (top) |
| Digital | Fingers or Toes |
| Femoral | Thigh |
| Inguinal | Groin |
| Oral | Mouth |
| Orbital | Eye |
| Patellar | Kneecap |
| Pedal | Foot |
| Pubic | Genital |
| Sternal | Chest |
| Umbilical | Belly Button |
| Anterior | Front |
| Caudal | Tailbone |
| Deltoid | Shoulder |
| Gluteal | Butt |
| Lumbar | Lower Back |
| Occipital | Head (back) |
| Popliteal | Back of knee |
| Scapular | Shoulder Blades |
| Posterior | Back |
| What is the body standing erect with the face forward, arms at the sides and toes and palms pointed forward? | Anatomical Position |
| What describes the position of one body part in relation to another? | Directional Terms |
| Superior | Above |
| Inferior | Below |
| What is one part above another part? | Superior |
| What is towards the head? | Superior |
| What is one part lower or below another part? | Inferior |
| What is closer to the feet? | Inferior |
| Anterior | Front |
| Posterior | Back |
| Medial | Toward the midline of the body |
| Lateral | Away from the midline of the body |
| Proximal | Nearest |
| Distal | Farthest |
| Proximal | Nearest the trunk of the body or point of attachment |
| Distal | Farthest away from the trunk or point of attachment |
| Superficial | Nearer the surface of the body |
| Deep | Farther away from the surface of the body |
| Central | Located near the center |
| Peripheral | Located away from the center of the body |
| Ventral | Anterior |
| Dorsal | Posterior |
| What divides the body? | Planes |
| What are the 3 planes of the body? | Sagittal, Frontal, and Transverse |
| Which plane divides the body lengthwise into right and left portions? | Sagittal |
| What is the term used when the body is divided EXACTLY down the middle? | Midsagittal |
| Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions? | Frontal |
| Which plane divides the body horizontally into superior and inferior portions? | Transverse |
| Which plane is also known as the Coronal plane? | Frontal |
| Which plane is also known as the "cross section"? | Transverse |
| What are the two major cavities of the body? | Dorsal and Ventral |
| Which cavity is located toward the back of the body and has 2 divisions? | Dorsal |
| What are the two Dorsal Cavities? | Cranial and Spinal |
| Which Dorsal Cavity is located in the skull? | Cranial |
| Which Dorsal Cavity runs from the skull to the end of the vertebral column? | Spinal |
| Which cavity is larger and is located toward the front and has 2 divisions? | Ventral |
| What are the two divisions of the Ventral Cavity? | Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Region |
| Which Ventral Cavity is surrounded by ribcage and seperated from the abdominopelvic cavity by the diaphragm? | Thoracic |
| Which Ventral Cavity is located below the diaphragm? | Abdominopelvic Region |
| What are the 4 quadrants of the Abdominopelvic Region? | RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ |
| RUQ | Right Upper Quadrant |
| LUQ | Left Upper Quadrant |
| RLQ | Right Lower Quadrant |
| LLQ | Left Lower Quadrant |
