| Flap 1 |
Flap 2 |
| the process by which a certain base of a nucleotide will pair only with a certain other base of another nucleotide (adrenene with thymine or uracil, and cytosine with guanine) | base pairing |
| half of a duplicated chromosome, consisting of a single, tightly coiled DNA molecule | chromatin |
| bundles of DNA and protein that appears in the nucleus of a cell during cell division | chromosome |
| (deoxyribonucleic acid) a nucleic acid that governs the construction and operation of the cell and contains the "blueprints" used to construct the cell's machinery | DNA |
| (ribonucleic acid) a nucleic acid that performs several functions related to protein synthesis in the cell; consists of a single chain of nucleotides and may assume a variety of shapes | RNA |
| the units of DNA in a chromosome that determine heredity | gene |
| the manipulation of genes in an organism by various direct laboratory techniques, allowing genes to be added, modified, or deleted from the genotype of an organism | genetic engineering |
| a nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA molecules that pairs only with cytosine | guanine |
| a nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA molecules that pairs only with guanine | cytosine |
| a nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA that pairs with thymine (in DNA) or uracil (in RNA) | adenine |
| a nitrogenous base found in DNA molecules that pairs only with adenine; not found in RNA | thymine |
| a nitrogenous base found in RNA molecules that pairs only with adenine; not found in DNA | uracil |
| a random change or "typographical errors" in the genetic code of an organism (blank) | mutation |
| the process by which the DNA molecules is duplicated | replication |
| the process by which a cell produces an RNA copy of a DNA template | transcription |
| the process of synthesizing a protein from an RNA "blueprint" by a ribosome | translation |
