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| 1. an organism with two different genes for a paricular trait; a heterozygous organism; 2. an organism that is crossbred between two different species of animals or plants; hybrids w/in single kind- fertile, w/in diff. kinds- infertile | hybrid |
| the type of inheritance in which genes are neither dominant nor recessive, resulting in a mixing or blending of traits because both genes are expressed | incomplete dominance |
| a set of traits whose genes are located on the same chromosome and not inherited independently | linkage groups |
| a type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells is reproduced to half the number in the parent cell, making sexual reproduction possible; also called reduction division | meiosis |
| a genetic trait that does not show up in an organism unless the organism is homozygous for that trait; opposite of dominant trait | recessive trait |
| see meiosis | reduction division |
| the chromosomes responsible for the development of male or female characteristics; the X and Y chromosomes | sex chromosomes |
| a genetic disease, affecting red blood cells, that affects some people of African ancestry; caused by a genetic defect in hemoglobin molecules that causes the certain conditions, leading to circulatory problems | sickle-cell anemia |
| a fertilized ovum; the new single cell formed by the union of sperm and egg | zygote |
| in modern genetics, different forms of a gene for a particular trait (such as seed color) | allel |
| an individual who possesses an unexpressed recessive gene for a genetic disease | carrier |
| the process a cell changes from a generalized form to become a specialized cell such as a skin cell, nerve cell, muscle, cell, etc.(blank) | differentiation |
| an organism whose genes are hybrid for two traits | dihybrid |
| a genetic trait which shows up in an organism even when a different gene for the same trait is also present | dominant trait |
| a social movement originated by some of Darwin's followers which advocates selective breeding and forced sterilization as a means of improving the human species to produce a "master race" | eugenics |
| the extent to which a certain gene exists in a population of organisms | gene frequency |
| the specific study of heredity | genetics |
| the passing on of genetic characteristics from the parent to the offspring by means of genes in the chromosomes of the cells | heredity |
| having two like genes for a particular trait; a purebred | homozygous |
| describing an organism with two unlike genes for a paricular trait | heterozygous |
