Chapter 7 Vocab Word Scramble
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Term | Definition |
Ellis Island | An immigration station in the New York Harbor. Clean. Organized. |
Angel Island | An immigration station in the San Francisco Bay. Gross. Not as organized. |
Melting Pot | A mixture of people from different cultures and races who blended together by abandoning their native languages and cultures. |
Nativism | Favoring the interests of native-born people over foreign-born people. |
Chinese Exclusion Act | A law, enacted in 1882, that prohibited all Chinese except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and government officials from entering the United States. |
Gentlemen's Agreement | A 1907-1908 agreement between the U.S. and Japanese governments to limit Japanese immigration to the United States. |
Urbanization | The growth of cities. |
Americanization Movement | Education program designed to help immigrants assimilate to American culture. |
Tenement | A multifamily urban dwelling, usually overcrowded and unsanitary. |
Mass Transit | Transportation systems designed to move large numbers of people along fixed routes. |
Social Gospel Movement | A 19th century reform movement based on the belief that Christians have a responsibility to help improve working conditions and alleviate poverty. |
Settlement House | A community center providing assistance to residents- particularly immigrants- in a slum neighborhood. |
Jane Addams | One of the most influential members of the movement. Founded the Hull House in Chicago. |
Political Machine | An organized group that controls a political party in a city and offers services to voters and businesses in exchange for financial and political support. |
Graft | The illegal use of political influence for personal gain. |
Boss Tweed | William M. Tweed. Head of Tammany Hall, New York City's powerful democratic political machine in 1868. Led the Tweed Ring in 1869 and 1871. |
Patronage | An officeholder's power to appoint people- usually those who have helped him or her get elected- to positions in government. |
Civil Service | A nonmilitary branch of government administration. |
Rutherford B. Hayes | President elected in 1876. Republican. Couldn't convince the Congress to support reform, so he used other means. |
James A. Garfield | An Ohio Congressman also a presidential candidate. |
Chester A. Arthur | Vice-President of Garfield. A Conkling's supporter. |
Pendleton Civil Service Act | A law, enacted in 1883, that established a bipartisan civil service commission to make appointments to government jobs by means of the merit system. |
Grover Cleveland | The first Democratic Party's candidate to win a presidential election in 28 years. He tried to lower tariff rates, but Congress refused to support him. |
Benjamin Harrison | Grandson of President William Henry Harrison. His campaign was financed by large contributions from companies that wanted tariffs even higher than they already were. Took a majority of the electoral votes and the presidency. |
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Haley.Brinkman
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