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mchs, A.G.

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Question
Answer
Bethanechol (Urecholine) Mechanism of Action    
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4 Bethanechol Adverse Effects   Hypotension due to vasodilation and bradycardia Bethanechol Uses  
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Bethanechol Mechanism of Action   Activates muscarinic receptors  
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Class of medication = muscarinic antagonist MUSCARINIC POISONING MUSCARINIC POISONING: Manifestation of Muscarinic Poisoning   Stimulation of muscarinic receptors causes profuse salivation  
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MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS: Atropine Adverse Effects   Uses  
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Mechanism of Action   Blocks muscarinic receptors  
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Adverse Effects   Blurry vision,  
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BUDCAT   B- blurry vision, photophobia, and increased intraocular pressure U- urinary retention D- dry mouth (xerostomia), decreased secretions C- constipation A- anhidrosis (absence of sweat) T- tachycardia  
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ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUGS FOR OVERACTIVE BLADDER (OAB)   Oxybutynin (Ditropan, Ditropan XL, Oxytrol)  
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Oxybutynin (Ditropan, Ditropan XL, Oxytrol) Uses   Overactive bladder (urge incontinence)  
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Oxybutynin (Ditropan, Ditropan XL, Oxytrol) :Mechanism of Action   Blocks muscarinic (M3) receptors in the bladder  
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Oxybutynin (Ditropan, Ditropan XL, Oxytrol)Adverse Effects   Blurry vision  
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CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS   Neostigmine (Prostigmin) Neostigmine (Prostigmin) Uses  
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Neostigmine (Prostigmin) Mechanism of Action   Prevents degradation of acetylcholine (ACh)  
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Neostigmine (Prostigmin) Adverse Effects   Excessive glandular secretions, increased GI motility  
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NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKERS   Prototype: Succinylcholine (Anectine, Quelicin  
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Succinylcholine (Anectine, Quelicin )Uses   Muscle relaxation during endotracheal intubation  
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Succinylcholine (Anectine, Quelicin Mechanism of Action   Causes paralysis of muscle by preventing repolarization (fasciculations)  
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Succinylcholine (Anectine, Quelicin Adverse Effects   Prolonged paralysis in genetically determined individuals  
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ADRENERGIC AGONISTS   Prototype: Epinephrine  
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Epinephrine Uses   Cardiac arrest, heart failure, anaphylactic shock  
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Epinephrine Mechanism of Action   Activates all four adrenergic receptors (alpha1, alpha2, beta1, and beta2)  
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Epinephrine Adverse Effects   HTN crisis  
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Phenylephrine Uses   treatment of nasal congestion  
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Mechanism of Action   Actives alpha1 receptors  
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ALPHA-ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS   Prototype: Prazosin (Minipress)  
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Adverse Effects   HTN  
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Prazosin (Minipress Uses   Essential hypertension  
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Prazosin (Minipress Mechanism of Action   Blocks alpha1 Receptor  
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Prazosin (Minipress Adverse Effects   Orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia  
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BETA-ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS First-Generation Nonselective Beta Blockers   Prototype: Propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran)  
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Propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran Uses   Hypertension, angina pectoris, cardiac dysrhythmias Propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran Mechanism of Action  
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Metoprolo (Lopressor, Toprol XL) Uses   HTN  
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Metoprolo (Lopressor, Toprol XL) Mechanism of Action   blocks cardiac beta 1 receptors  
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Metoprolo (Lopressor, Toprol XL) Adverse Effects   Bradycardia  
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Clonidine (catapres) Class of medication   Alpha2 Agonists  
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Clonidine (catapres) Uses   HTN  
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Clonidine (catapres) Mechanism of Action   Activates alpha2 receptors in the CNS  
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Clonidine (catapres) Adverse Effects   Drowsiness and sedation  
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Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet) Uses   reduce symptoms of Parkinson’s disease  
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Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet Mechanism of Action   Levodopa increases synthesis of dopamine in the triatum  
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Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet Adverse Effects   several months to develop  
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Levodopa/Carbidopa Class of medication =    
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Donepezil(Aricept) : Mechanism of Action   Prevents the breakdown of acetylcholine (ACh)  
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Donepezil(Aricept: Uses   Alzheimer’s disease  
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Donepezil(Aricept: Adverse Effects   Cholinergic effects  
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Donepezil(Aricept) Class of medication   CHOLINESTRASE INHIBITORS  
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Phenytoin (Dilantin): Mechanism of Action   Inhibits entry of sodium into neurons  
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Phenytoin (Dilantin): Uses   Epilepsy  
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Phenytoin (Dilantin): Adverse Effects   Nystagmus, nvoluntary eye movement  
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Phenytoin (Dilantin) Class of medication   ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS (AEDs) ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS (AEDs)  
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: Valproic Acid (Depakote): Mechanism of Action   Blocks sodium channels to suppress neurons  
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: Valproic Acid (Depakote): Uses   Epilepsy, bipolar disorder, migraine headaches  
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Valproic Acid (Depakote): Adverse Effects   Nausea, vomiting,  
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: Valproic Acid Class of medication   ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS (AEDs)  
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Metaxalone (Skelaxin): Mechanism of Action   Unclear; sedative properties may cause relaxation  
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Metaxalone (Skelaxin): Uses   Relief of spasm resulting from muscle injury  
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Metaxalone (Skelaxin): Adverse Effects   CNS depression  
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Metaxalone (Skelaxin) Class of medication   MUSCLE RELAXANTS  
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: Pentazocine (Talwin): Uses   Relief of mild to moderate pain  
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: Pentazocine (Talwin): Adverse Effects   Physical dependence  
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: Pentazocine (Talwin) Class of medication    
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: Naloxone (Narcan): Mechanism of Action    
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Reverses the effects of opioids : Naloxone (Narcan): Uses   Reversal of opioid overdose  
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: Naloxone (Narcan) Adverse Effects   Minimal  
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: Naloxone (Narcan) Class of medication   OPIOID ANTAGONISTS  
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Ergotamine (Ergomar): Mechanism of Action   Alters transmission at serotonergic, dopaminergic  
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Ergotamine (Ergomar): USE   Migraine and cluster headaches  
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Ergotamine (Ergomar): A/E   N/V  
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Ergotamine (Ergomar) Class of medication   ERGOT ALKALOIDS  
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Sumatriptan (Imitrex): Mechanism of Action   Binds to 5-HT1B/1D (serotonin) receptors to cause vasoconstriction  
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Sumatriptan (Imitrex): USE   Migraine headache  
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Sumatriptan (Imitrex): A/E   Chest symptoms (heavy arms and chest pressure)  
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Sumatriptan (Imitrex) Class of medication   SEROTONIN1B/1D–RECEPTOR AGONISTS (TRIPTANS)  
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Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) Mechanism of Action   Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) (acute dystonia, parkinsonism, akathisia, tardive d : Chlorpromazine (Thorazine): USE  
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