Virginia USI.9 Civil War
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| Cultural, economic, and constitutional differences between the North and the South eventually resulted in what major event? | Civil War
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| Issues related to what institution increasingly divided the nation and led to the Civil War? | slavery
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| Was there one underlying cause of the Civil War or several differences between the North and South that led to the Civil War? | several differences
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| The __________ was mainly an urban society in which people held jobs in cities. | North
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| The __________ was primarily an agricultural society in which people lived in small villages and on farms and plantations. | South
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| Why did people of the North and South found it difficult to agree on social and political issues? | Because of their cultural differences
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| The __________ was a manufacturing region, and its people favored tariffs that protected factory owners and workers from foreign competition. | North
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| The__________ was largely agricultural. | South
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| Why did Southerners opposed tariffs? | They would cause prices of manufactured goods to increase.
Planters were also concerned that Great Britain might stop buying cotton from the South if tariffs were added.
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| What was a major constitutional conflict between the North and South? states’ rights versus strong central government. | states’ rights versus strong central government.
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| Which side supported state's rights, the North or South? | South
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| Which side a strong central government, the North or South? | North
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| The South feared that the North would take control of __________. | Congress
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| Southerners began to proclaim __________ __________ as a means of self-protection. | states’ rights
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| Who believed that they had the power to declare any national law illegal? | Southerners
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| Who believed that the national government’s power was supreme over that of the states. | Northerners
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| Southerners felt that doing away with this would destroy their region’s economy. | abolition of slavery
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| Why did Northerners believed that slavery should be abolished. | for moral reasons
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| Missouri entered the Union as a slave state; Maine entered the Union as a free state. | Missouri Compromise
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| California entered the Union as a free state. Southwest territories would decide the slavery issue for themselves. | Compromise of l850
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| People in each state would decide the slavery issue (“popular sovereignty”). | Kansas-Nebraska Act
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| The southern states seceded from the Union following what event? | Lincoln’s election
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| Confederate forces attacked _________ ___________ in South Carolina, marking the beginning of the Civil War. | Fort Sumter
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| Who believed that the United States was one nation that could not be separated or divided? | Lincoln and many Northerners
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| Who believed that the states had freely created and joined the union and could freely leave it? | Most Southerners
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| Southern states that were dependent upon labor-intensive _________ __________ seceded from the Union. | cash crops seceded from the Union.
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| Who stayed in the union? | Northernmost slave states (border states) and free states
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| Name the 5 border states. | Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, West Virginia
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| Western counties of which state refused to secede from the Union? What new state was formed? | Virginia, West Virginia
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| president of the United States who opposed slavery | Abraham Lincoln
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| Issued the Emancipation Proclamation | Abraham Lincoln
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| Determined to preserve the Union, by force if necessary | Abraham Lincoln
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| Believed the United States was one nation, not a collection of independent states | Abraham Lincoln
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| Wrote the Gettysburg Address | Abraham Lincoln
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| What said that the Civil War was to preserve a government “of the people, by the people, and for the people.” | Gettysburg Address
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| Was president of the Confederate States of America | Jefferson Davis
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| Was general of the Union army that defeated Lee | Ulysses S. Grant
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| Was leader of the Army of Northern Virginia | Robert E. Lee
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| Was offered command of the Union forces at the beginning of the war, but chose not to fight against Virginia | Robert E. Lee
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| Opposed secession, but did not believe the Union should be held together by force | Robert E. Lee
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| Urged Southerners to accept defeat at the end of the war and reunite as Americans when some wanted to fight on | Robert E. Lee
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| Was a skilled Confederate general from Virginia | Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
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| Was an enslaved African American who escaped to the North and became an abolitionist | Frederick Douglass
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| __________ and___________ were critical elements influencing important developments in the Civil War, including major battles. | location, topography
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| What began the war? | The firing on Fort Sumter, S.C.,
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| first major battle of the Civil War | The first Battle of Manassas (Bull Run)
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| The signing of the this made “freeing the slaves” the new focus of the war. | Emancipation Proclamation
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| Did freed African Americans join the Union army? | Yes
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| Which battle divided the South and gave the North control of the Mississippi River? | The Battle of Vicksburg
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| Which battle was the turning point of the Civil War and the North repelled Lee’s invasion? | The Battle of Gettysburg
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| Where did Lee surrender to Grant in 1865 ended the war. | Appomattox Court House
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| Name 4 Influences of location and topography on critical developments in the war | 1. The Union blockade of southern ports 2. Control of the Mississippi River 3. Battle locations influenced by the struggle to capture capital cities 4. Control of the high ground
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| Which southern ports did the Union blockade? | Savannah, Charleston, New Orleans
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| Name the two capital cities during the Civil War. | Richmond, VA; Washington, D.C.
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| Control of the high ground was critical in which major battle? | Battle of Gettysburg
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| Life on the __________ and __________ __________ on the was extremely harsh. Many soldiers died from disease and exposure. | battlefield, home front
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| __________ members were often pitted against one another, as were __________ against __________. | Family, friends, friends
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| As the war went on,__________ troops became increasingly younger and more poorly equipped and clothed. | Southern
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| Much of the__________ was devastated at the end of the war (e.g., burning of Atlanta and Richmond). | South
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| Outside of battle wounds what was a major killer during the Civil War? | Disease
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| Civil War nurse, created the American Red Cross. | Clara Barton
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| What was brutal and often man-to-man. | Combat
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| Who ran businesses in the North and farms and plantations in the South during the Civil War? | women
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| The collapse of the Confederacy made Confederate worthless. | money
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| Did African Americans fight in both the Confederate and Union armies? | yes
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| The Confederacy often used enslaved __________ __________ as naval crew members and soldiers. | African Americans
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| The __________ moved to enlist African American sailors early in the war. | Union
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| African American soldiers were paid__________ than white soldiers. | less
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| African American soldiers were discriminated against and served in __________ units under the command of white officers. | segregated
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| African American sailor and later a Union naval captain, was highly honored for his feats of bravery and heroism. He became a Congressman after the war. | Robert Smalls
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Created by:
Mrs. Estes
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