2011 AAEP Focus on Dentistry
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| Of what origin is the tissue that initiates tooth formation? | epithelial | ||||
| Within the tooth bud, which type of cells (origin) are present and what do they differentiate into? | epithelial cells: ameloblasts mesenchymal cells: odontoblasts + cementoblasts | ||||
| What initiates tooth formation? | Interaction between the ameloblasts and odontoblasts | ||||
| What component of the dental bud dictates the final shape of a tooth? | enamel organ (epithelial origin) | ||||
| From where is the blood supply of developing teeth derived? | dental sac | ||||
| in addition to the dental sac, where else does blood supply come from? | blood supply also perforates the apical aspect of the infundibulum in young equine cheek teeth and these apical infundibular blood vessels may remain for a couple of years after dental eruption | ||||
| What is Equine type 1 enamel? | main constituent of the cheek teeth, consists of parallel rows of prisms lying between parallel, dense interprismatic plates of enamel (very hard) | ||||
| What is the disadvantage of hardness due to the parallel orientation of type 1 enamel prisms and interprismatic enamel? | it is more susceptible to developing fractures | ||||
| What is Equine type 2 enamel? | solely consists of prisms (rounded on cross section) which are oriented in three directions. | ||||
| How does type 2 enamel compare with type 1? | type 1 is harder | ||||
| Where is type 2 enamel found on equine teeth? | incisors | ||||
| Where is type 1 enamel found on equine teeth? | cheek teeth, infolded | ||||
| What is the ratio of peripheral enamel length to tooth perimeter in mandibular cheek teeth? | 1.87 | ||||
| What is the ratio of peripheral enamel length to tooth perimeter in maxillary cheek teeth? | 1.48 | ||||
| What structures exist on the maxillary cheek teeth to make up for less peripheral enamel infolding? | infundibulae | ||||
| What is senile excavation? | infundibula can wear out (often in the 09 or 10) causing the adjacent unsupported primary and secondary dentine to wear very fast and the tooth to become hollow | ||||
| What happens to the degree of infolding present on the periphery of teeth more apically? age | less enamel infolding near apices | ||||
| Which type of dentin is most porous? | secondary | ||||
| Where is irregular secondary dentin deposited? | laid down subocclusally in order to prevent exposure of the pulps caused by dental attrition | ||||
| Where is regular secondary dentin deposited? | onto the inner dentinal walls by the odontoblasts that cover the pulp tissue | ||||
| What are 2 types of tertiary dentin? | repairative reactionary | ||||
| How many pulp horns do incisors, canines and PM1 have? | one | ||||
| How many pulp horns do the 07, 08, 09, & 10s have? | 5 | ||||
| How many pulp horns do the 06's have? | six | ||||
| How many pulp horns do the mandibular 11's have? | seven | ||||
| How many pulp horns do the maxillary 11's have? | eight | ||||
| What is the average thickness of subocclusal secondary dentin? | 1 cm | ||||
| What is the variability/range of thickness of subocclusal secondary dentin? | 2 mm to 33 mm | ||||
| What is the variation in the distance between the pulp and the mesial or distal tooth margin? | 1.3 to 10.8 mm | ||||
| at which margin (mesial vs. distal) is the dentin thickness between the interproximal space and pulp tissue usually greater? | mesial | ||||
| What is is the main driver for deposition of subocclusal secondary dentine? | occlusal stimulation | ||||
| What type of dental tissue comprises the primary occlusal surface of newly erupted teeth? | cementum | ||||
| What type of feed do horses eat faster (i.e. more chews per minute)? | grass 100-105 chews/minute hay 58-66 chews/minute | ||||
| At what age do the deciduous 01's erupt? | during the first week of life | ||||
| At what age do the deciduous 02's erupt? | 4-6 weeks | ||||
| At what age do the deciduous 03's erupt? | 6-9 months | ||||
| At what age do the canine teeth erupt? | 4-6 years | ||||
| At what age do the '05s erupt? | ~ 1 year | ||||
| At what age are the deciduous 06's shed? | ~2.5 years | ||||
| At what age do the 09's erupt? | 1 year | ||||
| At what age do the 10's erupt? | 2 years | ||||
| At what age do the 11's erupt? | 3-4 years | ||||
| What is the average rate of eruption of horse teeth? | 2-3 mm/year | ||||
| How many roots to maxillary cheek teeth have? | 3 | ||||
| How many roots to mandibular cheek teeth have? | 2 | ||||
| How many roots do the mandibular 11's have? | 3 | ||||
| What is the width of the maxillary arcades relative to the mandibular arcades? | ~23% wider on avg |
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Created by:
Louise Marron
on 2012-04-05