Chabner, Language of Medicine 8th Edition, Chpt 20 Vocabulary
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| cineradiography | use of motion picture techniques to record a series of x-ray images during fluoroscopy
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| computed tomography (CT) | diagnostic x-ray procedure whereby a cross-sectional image of a specific body segment body segment is produced
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| contrast studies | materials (contrast media) are injected to obtain contrast with surrounding tissue when shown on the x-ray film
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| fluorescence | emission of glowing light results from exposure to and absorption of radiation from x-rays
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| fluoroscopy | x-ray technique that produces a fluorescent image on an image intensifier
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| gamma camera | machine to detect gamma rays emitted from radiopharmaceuticals during scanning for diagnostic purposes
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| gamma rays | high-energy rays emitted by radioactive substances in tracer studies
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| half-life | time required for a radioactive substance to lose half its radioactivity by disintegration
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| interventional radiology | therapeutic procedures performed by a radiologist
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| in vitro | process, test, or procedure is performed, measured, or observed outside a living organism
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| in vivo | process, test, or procedure is performed, measured, or observed within a living organism
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| ionization | transformation of electrically neutral substances into electrically charged particles
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| labeled compound | radiopharmaceutical; used in nuclear medicine studies
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| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | magnetic field and radio waves produce sagittal, coronal, and axial images of the body
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| nuclear medicine | medical specialty that studies the ises of radioactive substances (radionuclides) in diagnosis of disease
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| positron emission tomography (PET) | positron-emitting radioactive substances given intravenously create a cross-sectional image of cellular metabolism based on local concentration of the radioactive substance; give information about organ function
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| radioimmunoassay | test combines radioactive chemicals and antibodies to detect minute quantities of substances in a patient's blood
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| radioisotope | radioactive form of an element substance; radionuclide
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| radiology | medical specialty concerned with the study of x-rays and their use in the diagnosis of disease; includes other forms of energy, such as ultrasound and magnetic waves
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| radiolucent | permitting thhe passage of x-rays. structures appear black on x-ray film
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| radionuclide | radioactive form of an element that gives off energy in the form of radiation; radioisotope
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| radiopaque | obstructing the passage of x-rays. structures appear white on the x-ray film
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| radiopharmaceutical | radioactive drug (radionuclide plus chemical) that is administered safely for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes
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| roentgenology | study of x-rays; radiology
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| scan | image of an area, organ or tissue in the body obtained from ultrasound, radioactive tracer studies, CT, or MRI
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| single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) | radioactive tracer is injected intravenously and a computer reconstructs a 3D image based on a composite of many views
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| tagging | attaching a radionuclide to a chemical and following its path in the body
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| tracer studies | radionuclides are used as tags, or labels, attached to chemicals and followed as they travel through the body
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| transducer | handheld device that sends and receives ultrasound signals
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| ultrasonography (US, U/S) | diagnostic technique that projects and retrieves high-frequency sound waves as they echo off parts of the body
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| uptake | rate of absorption of a radionuclide into an organ or tissue
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| ventilation-perfusion studies | radiopharmaceutical is inhaled (ventilation) and injected intravenously (perfusion) followed by imaging its passage through the respiratory tract
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