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MUS-101 Test #2, Part #1

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
4 Common Song Forms   Carol, strophic, through-composed, modified strophic  
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Carol   A b A b A b A etc. --> Medieval English form alternating a refrain (words and music the same) with a verse (music the same, words different)  
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Strophic   A A A A --> Music for each stanza stays the same as the verses change  
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Through-composed   A B C D --> Music and text change for each section  
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Modified strophic   A A A B --> Primarily strophic form with minor deviation  
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Narrative text   Tells a story  
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Symbolic text   Evokes vague images that are subject to personal interpretation  
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Meditative text   Relates personal struggles, triumphs, failures, etc., often from a first-person perspective  
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Text painting   (word painting) Musical figures that reflect the meaning of a particular word or phrase; common in Renaissance style music  
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Madrigal   Popular composition for several solo voices set to a short poem, often about love; often written for amateur singers; text painting and wordplay were common features; originated in Italy in the 1500s  
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The Seconda Practica   Late 1500s composers begin to dodge common rules of composition for the sake of creating a more expressive bond b/t text & music; Monteverdi criticized for use of dissonance and coins the term "seconda practica"  
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Girolamo Mei   Late 1500s came to the conclusion that the only way to imitate the high emotional content of Greek texts was through singing  
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Stile Rappresentivo   Style in which vocal lines were written to follow the inflections and emotions of human speech  
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Monody   A single voice with sparse, basso continuo accompaniment  
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Baroque Secular Cantata   This form consists of alternate sections of monodic and arioso passages; originated in Italy as an extension of Madrigal style  
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Commercial music beginnings   Madrigal books in 1520's; poetry by Petrarch was especially popular; setting popular poems to popular music was a great money maker for the publishing industry  
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1700s popular music (18th century)   Songs based on short poems; simple songs for entertainment at home; accompanied by guitar or piano  
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German Romantic lieder   Used music, poetry and descriptive imagery to express individual feelings or narrate a story; solo voice with piano; used popular published poetry; romantic subjects like love and the supernatural and so on; piano often sets the mood of the poem  
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3 Lied Forms   Strophic, through-composed, modified strophic  
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Ballad   Longer form; alternated narrative and dialogue; romantic subject matter; lengthy; partnered with piano  
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Erlkonig 1815   Lied by Franx Schubert, poem by Goethe; triplets (triple division of beat) in piano (galloping horse); 4 different singers (Father-low, Son-high, Erlking-menacing, Narrator-medium)  
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Song cycle   A group of related songs about a single topic, or unified through a story line  
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Winterreise   Song cycle by Franz Schubert about winter's journey  
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Die Schone Mullerin   Song cycle by Franz Schubert about the pretty miller's daughter  
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Dichterlibe   Song cycle by Robert Schumann about a poet's love  
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Franz Schubert (1797-1828)   First great master of Romantic Lieder, bringing together all aspects of song: poetry, melody, and accompaniment  
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Schubert's Melody   Demonstrates great control over melodic material  
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Schubert's Accompaniment   Varies from simple to dramatic and may reflect an image in the poem  
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Schubert's Harmony   Harmony reinforces the poetry  
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Robert Schumann (1810-1856)   Founded Journal for New Music; married piano teacher's daughter; schizo, manic depressive, suicidal; emotional music; urged study of older music; focused on one genre at a time  
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Schumann's songs   Music should capture a poem's essence; focus on love songs can be found in two of his songs from 1840: "A Poet's Love" and "Woman's Love and Life"  
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Clara Schumann (1819-1896)   Similar to husband; long piano pre- and postludes; voice & piano treated as equals  
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