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Mirror for Humanity Chp.5

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Question
Answer
Agriculture   Nonindustrial system of plant cultivation characterized by continuous and intensive use of land and labor  
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Balanced Reciprocity/Generalized Reciprocity   Principle that characterizes exchanges between closely related individuals. As social distance increases, reciprocity becomes balanced and finally negative.  
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Band   The basic unit of social organization among foragers. A band includes fewer than one hundred people; it often splits up seasonally.  
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Correlation   An association between two or more variables such that when one changes (varies), the other also changes.  
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Economy   A population's system of production, distribution, and consumption of resources.  
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Market Principle   Profit-oriented principle of exchange that dominates in states, particularly industrial states. Goods and services are bought and sold, and values are determined by supply and demand.  
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Horticulture   Nonindustrial system of plant cultivation in which plots lie fallow for varying lengths of time.  
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Means(or factors) of production   Land, labor, technology, and capital-major productive resources.  
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Mode of production   Way of organizing production--a set of social relations through from nature by means of tools,skills, and knowledge.  
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Nomadism, Pastoral   constant movement in pursuit of strategic resources.  
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Pastoral Nomadism   Movement throughout the year by the whole pastoral group (men, women, children) with their animals.  
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Pastoralists   People who use a food-producing strategy of adaptation based pm care of herds pf domestication animals.  
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Peasants   Small-scale agriculturist living in a state, with rent fund obligations.  
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Potlatch   Competitive feast among Indians on the North Pacific Coast of North America.  
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Reciprocity   One of the three principles of exchange. Governs exchange between social equals; major exchange mode in band and tribal societies.  
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Reciprocity Continuum   Regarding exchanges,a range running from generalized reciprocity through balanced reciprocity to negative reciprocity.  
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Redistribution   Major exchange mode of cheifdoms, many archaic states, and some states with managed economies.  
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Transhumance   One of two variants of pastoralism; part of the population moves seasonally with the herds while the other part remains in home villages.  
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Created by: cyntavia
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