Chapter 3 Test Revie
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Process which formed the Himalaya Mountains | colliding tectonic plates
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| most geologically active region on the surface of Earth | boundaries between tectonic plates
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| producers of oxygen | plants
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| ozone layer location | stratosphere
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| Large-scale atmospheric phenomena caused by air that is constantly in motion | weather
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| The Richter scale describes | magnitude of an earthquake
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| molten rock in upper mantle | magma
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| Earth’s densest atmospheric layer | troposphere
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| mechanisms of energy transfer through or within Earth’s atmosphere | radiation, conduction, and convection
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| This causes air to be denser near Earth’s surface | Gravity
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| The greenhouse effect allows the Earth’s atmosphere to do this | trap heat
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| all of the water on or near Earth’s surface | hydrosphere
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| Where is most of the fresh water on Earth located | in ice caps and glaciers
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| Ocean water contains more of this than fresh water | salts
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| Deep currents can be found here | ocean floor
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| Surface currents circulate in different directions, depending on this | hemisphere location
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| With respect to energy, Earth is what type of system | open system
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| Part of Earth that encompasses all areas where organisms can obtain the energy they need | biosphere
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| Cause of currents at the surface of the ocean | wind.
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| With respect to matter, Earth is mostly this type of system | a closed system
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| Percentage of the Earths atmosphere that is Nitrogren | 78%
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| Percentage of the Earths atmosphere that is oxygen | 21%
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| Percentage of suns energy absorbed by Earth’s surface | 50%
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| Percentage of Chlorine as a dissolved solid in the oceans | 55%
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| The Richter scale measures the amount of energy released by this | earthquake
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| Earth’s thin outer layer | crust
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| Seismologists use these to learn about the interior structure of Earth through measurement of the speed and direction | seismic waves
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| Area where most of the geological activity at the surface of Earth takes place | boundaries between tectonic plates
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| The removal and transport of surface material by water and wind | erosion
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| vibration caused when there is movement along a fault | earthquake
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| large volcanic eruption can reduce the amount of this that reaches Earth’s surface due to ash and gases | sunlight
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| The second most abundant gas in Earth’s atmosphere | oxygen
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| the form of oxygen that protects Earth from the sun’s ultraviolet rays | ozone
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| this current consists of air or a liquid moving in a circular path as it is heated and cooled | convection
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| trap radiated heat near Earth’s surface | greenhouse gases
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| Electrically charged atoms | ions
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| flow of heat from a warmer object to a colder object when the objects are placed in direct physical contact | conduction
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| The continuous movement of water into the air, onto land, and then back to water sources | water cycle
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| measure of the quantity of dissolved salts | salinity
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| Speed at which ocean absorbs and releases heat compared to land | slow
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| Small streams and rivers that flow into larger ones | tributaries
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| liquid water is heated by the sun and then rises into the atmosphere as water vapor | evaporation
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| influence the climate of the region when they flow past land | surface currents
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| The process that occurs when water vapor forms water droplets on dust particles | condensation
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| surface of the land where water enters an aquifer | recharge zone
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| both matter and energy are exchanged between a system and a surrounding environment | open system
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| allows a planet to hold and maintain an atmosphere | gravity
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