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Anatomy_Chapter_13

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
Arteries carry blood from the   heart to the capillaries  
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Smaller arteries are called   arterioles  
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The innermost layer of an artery is the   tunica intima  
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The tunica intima is made of   simple squamous epithelium called endothelium  
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The peptide endothelin stimulates   contraction of this smooth muscle and is therefore a vasoconstrictor  
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The middle layer of an artery is the   tunica media  
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The tunica media is made of   smooth muscle and elastic connective tissue  
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The outermost layer of an artery is the   tunica externa  
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The tunica externa is made of   fibrous connective tissue  
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The outer and middle layers of large arteries are quite   thick  
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Veins carry blood from   capillaries back to the heart  
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The smaller veins are called   venules  
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The inner layer of veins is   smooth endothelium  
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The middle layer of veins is a   thin layer of smooth msucle  
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An anastomosis is a   connection, or joining, of vessels, that is, artery to artery or vein to vein  
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Ar arterial anastomosis helps ensure that   blood will get to the capillaries of an organ to deliver oxygen and nutrients and to remove waste products  
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Capillaries carry blood from   arterioles to venules  
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Epidermis, cartilage, and the lens and cornea of the eye do not have   capillaries  
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Blood flow into capillary networks is regulate by smooth muscles cells called   precapillary sphincters  
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Some organs have another type of capillary called ________, which are larger and more permeable than are other capillaries   sinusoids  
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Gases move by   diffusion  
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Albumins contribues to the   colloid osmotic pressure  
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Pulmonary veins are the only veins that contain   oxygenate blood  
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The circle of Willis is the   "circle" of arteries around the pituitary gland  
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Hepatic portal circulation is a   subdivision of systemic circulation in which blood from the abdominal digestive organs and spleen circulates through the liver before returning to the heart  
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The site of exchange fetus and mother is the   placenta  
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Umbilical veins carries   oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus  
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Ductus venosus goes to   the inferior vena cava, to the right atrium  
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Foramen ovale   the opening in the interatrial spetum that permits some blood to flow from the right atrium to the left atrium  
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Ductus arteriosus   a short vessels that diverts most blood in the pulmonary artery to the aorta, to the body  
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Blood pressure   is the force the blood that exerts against the walls of the blood vessels  
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Systolic pressure   the blood pressure when the left ventricle is contracting  
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Diastolic pressure   when the left ventricle is relaxed and does not exert force  
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Hypertension   higher than normal blood pressure  
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Hypotension   lower than normal blood pressure  
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Venous return   The amount of blood that returns to the heart by way of the veins  
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Skeletal muscle pump   when veins are surrounded by skeletal muscles that contract and relax during normal activities such as walking. Contractions of the leg muscles squeeze the veins to force blood toward the heart  
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Respiratory pump   The pressure changes of inhalation and exhalation alternately expand and compress the veins, and blood is returned to the heart  
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If heart rate and force increase   then blood pressure will increase  
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Seven things that help maintain blood pressure   venous return, heart rate and force, peripheral resistance, elasticity of the large arteries, viscosity of the blood, loss of blood and hormones  
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The kidneys are involved in   reninangiotensin mechanism  
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Angiotensin II causes   vasoconstriction and stimulates secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex.  
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The medulla contains the   vasomotor center  
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The vasomotor center contains the   vasoconstictor area and vasodilator area  
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The vasodilator area brings about   dilation of the blood vessels, decreasing blood pressure  
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The vasoconstriction area brings about   constriction of the blood vessels, increasing blood pressure  
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