2.1 Origin of atmosphere and ocean
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| The Hadean Time? | First 600 Ma, B4 first rocks, time of huge impacts
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| Oldest rocks | 4.0 Ba
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| Oldest mineral? | Zircon (western australia) 4.2 Ba
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| Zircon? | A mineral in granite, i.e. the main rock in continents
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| The oldest rocks? | Ultra hot pillow lavas (1600 degrees c) Proves the was already an ocean and earth was hotter below the surface
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| Source of gas and water? | 60 - 70% of the gas from volcanos is water vapour, rest is CO2 and N2
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| How did oceans form? | Condensation of water vapour
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| Composition of early atmosphere? | 60% carbon dioxide, 30% Nitrogen, 10% argon
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| Composition of current atmosphere? | 78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, 1% others
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| Evidence for oxygen poor atmosphere? | Pyrite and uraninite pebbles in ancient conglomerates. Palaoisols are all grey (acient soils), and early oceans had dissolve oxgyen in them which is impossilbe with oxygen in the atm.
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| Where is oxygen produced? | Small amounts in upper atm as UV light splits water vapour up. (photodissociation. Also Photosynthesis.
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| Evidence for dissolved iron in oceans? | Banded Iron formations, formed in shallow marine environments bewteen 3.5 - 2.0 Ba
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| Progression of Oxygen? | 3.8 Ba microbes producing O2 in the ocean and precipitiaing BIF's. BIF's stopped at 2.0 Ba and red beds were formed on land, indication oxygen in atm.
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| Plants invaded continents? | 0.4 Ba.
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