AP Biology B
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| A chordate animal with a backbone, including sharks and rays, ray-finned fishes, coelacanths, lungfishes, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals. | vertebrates
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| A longitudinal, flexible rod made of tightly packed mesodermal cells that runs along the anterior-posterior axis of a chordate in the dorsal part of the body. | notochord
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| In chordate embryos, one of the slits that form from the pharyngeal clefts and communicate to the outside, later developing into gill slits in many vertebrates. | pharyngeal slit
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| Member of the clade Urochordata, sessile marine chordates that lack a backbone. | tunicate
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| An early, soft-bodied vertebrate with prominent eyes and dental elements. | conodont
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| A member of an extinct group of fishlike vertebrates that had jaws and were enclosed in a tough outer armor. | placoderm
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| Referring to a type of development in which young hatch from eggs laid outside the mother's body. | oviparous
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| Referring to a type of development in which the young are born alive after having been nourished in the uterus by blood from the placenta. | viviparous
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| Member of a vertebrate clade with jaws and mostly bony skeletons. | osteichthyan
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| In aquatic osteichthyans, an air sac that enables the animal to control its buoyancy in the water. | swim bladder
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| Member of the vertebrate clade Sarcopterygii, osteichthyans with rod-shaped muscular fins, including coelacanths, lungfishes, and tetrapods. | lobe-fin
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| Member of the tetrapod class Amphibia, including salamanders, frogs, and caecilians. | amphibian
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| Member of the clade of amniotes that includes tuataras, lizards, snakes, turtles, crocodilians, and birds. | reptile
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| Referring to organisms that are warmed by heat generated by their own metabolism. This heat usually maintains a relatively stable body temperature higher than that of the external environment. | endothermic
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| Member of an amniote clade distinguished by a pair of holes on each side of the skull. Diapsids include the lepidosaurs and archosaurs. | diapsid
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| Member of the reptilian group that includes crocodiles, alligators and dinosaurs, including birds. | archosaur
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| Member of an extremely diverse clade of reptiles varying in body shape, size, and habitat. Birds are the only extant dinosaurs. | dinosaur
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| Member of the group of flightless birds. | ratites
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| Member of an amniote clade distinguished by a single hole on each side of the skull. Synapsids include the mammals. | synapsids
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| A mammal, such as a koala, kangaroo, or opossum, whose young complete their embryonic development inside a maternal pouch called the marsupium. | marsupial
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| Placental mammal; mammal whose young complete their embryonic development within the uterus, joined to the mother by the placenta. | eutherian
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| Member of a primate group made up of the monkeys and the apes (gibbons, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos, and humans). | anthropoid
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